Soft power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Delicate force - Essay Example The principal issue is that a nation has differing people who can either decide to like the fascination or not. Likewise, regardless of whether the intrigue will result to the ability to impact the country’s strategy relies upon the gatherings in the nation who esteem it alluring and not overlooking. What's more, the degree of expert in policymaking is similarly significant. Also, strategy making at national level ends up being progressively mind boggling contrasted with the individual level. It has assorted elements that underline mostly on intelligible thoughts (Fan 150). The circumstance gives little space for passionate components and subsequently limits the delicate force impact. Fan (150) certifies that since delicate force ends up being both wild and incautious, it is hard to practice it in a composed and synchronized way. Delicate force infers the capacity to shape the tendency of others. Regardless of whether force can work viably at state level will stay flawed. This is genuine in light of the fact that delicate force practiced by a specific nation may positively affect the factional world class and have unwanted effect on the general population in another nation (Szczudlik 46). A few confusing variables are liable for forming the relationship in the midst of nations. The circumstance leaves delicate force assuming a negligible job towards such a relationship. At last, key interests decide the relationship in the midst of nations rather than delicate force. Moreover, one can't imagine a nation having gigantic delicate force without the back up of hard force. It isn't peculiar that the United States is a superpower that has enormous hard and delicate force. The circumstance infers that nations may share a typical plan or social affiliations and still make some type of separation with respect to issues of national connections. The relationship in the midst of China and Japan ends up being a genuine guide to bear witness to this event. Szczudlik (46) contends that paying little heed to the verifiable social affiliations and

The Hardships Facing Vietnam War Soldiers in Tim OBrien’s Going after

The Hardships Facing Vietnam War Soldiers in Tim O'Brien’s Going after Cacciato and In the Lake of the Woods The Vietnam War was, intellectually and genuinely, one of the most fierce the United States has ever taken an interest in. Our officers needed to experience day by day torments and sufferings which wore on them in body and brain. Diarrhea was a typical reason for physical squandering. Different ailments joined with the ceaseless downpour and mud made tissue decay and made day by day life considerably more intolerable. Extensive stretches of fatigue would be broken by unforeseen guerilla assaults or booby traps. The foe once in a while emerged long enough to be effectively battled or even distinguished. Similarly unsure as who they were battling was the response to the topic of what reason they were battling and kicking the bucket for. These hardships the troopers confronted caused a mind-boggling feeling of sadness and consistent dread. To counter this feeling of depression, the warriors had numerous methods of adapting to or keeping away from the truth of the war. Tim O’Brien, with Going after Cacciato and In the Lake of the Woods, addresses th...

Oscar Romero Essays - Servants Of God, Human Rights In El Salvador

Oscar Romero Oscar Romero 24th March (murdered 1980) Among those honored in new sculptures on the west front of Westminster Convent I am bound, as a minister, by divine order to give my life for those whom I love, and that is all Salvadoreans, even the individuals who are going to murder me. These words showed up in a paper only fourteen days before Archbishop Romero was shot while observing Holy Communion in the clinic which had been his home since his enthronement in 1977. Tranquil, unassuming, preservationist in disposition and viewed by the congregation as securely standard, he was an impossible saint for the reason for freedom. Oscar Arnulfo Romero y Goldamez was conceived (1917) in the town of Cindad Barrios, in the mountains of El Salvador close to the outskirt with Honduras. Leaving school at twelve he started an apprenticeship as a woodworker, appearing guarantee as an expert, however before long idea about appointment, despite the fact that his family were not sharp. He prepared at San Miguel and San Salvador, previously finishing his philosophical examinations in Rome. Due to the war in Europe there was no individual from his family at his appointment in 1942. Coming back to San Salvador in 1944, he filled in as a nation minister previously assuming responsibility for two theological schools. In 1966 he became secretary to the El Salvador Bishop's Conference - a post he held for a long time. He earned a notoriety as a lively chairman and his moving lessons were communicate over the city of San Miguel by five radio broadcasts. Oscar became cleric in 1970, serving first as partner to the matured Ecclesiastical overseer of San Salvador and from 1974 as Bishop of Santiago de Maria. Inside three years he was Archbishop of San Salvador. Around then there was developing turmoil in the nation, the same number of turned out to be more mindful of the incredible social treacheries of the laborer economy. Almost 40% of the land was possessed by a minuscule level of the populace - a core of families who couldn't care less about the individuals? To keep up and increment their edge of benefit they curb the individuals. Most of normal individuals driven devastated and shaky lives. Gatherings of Christians framed to take part in study, love and gathering conversation, expecting to follow the accounts and their suggestions for society. These ?Basic Communities' each had their own minister, and a pioneer chose from among the gathering. The landowners were frightened at seeing uneducated laborers picking their own representatives and worrying about social issues for the sake of Christianity. Destructive press battles were directed against them, with allegations of Marxism. Conservative packs rose to convey out dynamic mistreatment and killings. People simply evaporated without follow or reason. Passing crews wandered the open country and officers assaulted any nonconformists in the square of the capital. Romero fought at the slaughtering of people who had rioted in precise design to appeal for equity and freedom. There were, obviously, the individuals who looked for change through viciousness, holding onto land and giving landowners cause to respond, in any case, Oscar Romero denounced all types of what he called ?the supernatural quality of viciousness'. One minister, Fr. Rutilio Grande, was especially candid in reproving the shameful acts against the 30,000 laborers working thirty-five sugar-stick ranches in his general vicinity. Ecclesiastical overseer Romero safeguarded Fr. Grande against official analysis: The legislature ought not consider a minister who stands firm for social equity, as a government official, or a rebellious component, when he is satisfying his strategic the legislative issues of the benefit of everyone. In March 1977, Fr. Grande and two sidekicks were killed. Ecclesiastical overseer Romero was called to see the bodies - a trace of what befalls intrusive ministers. This and the absence of any official enquiry persuaded him that the administration utilized - or possibly bolstered - individuals who slaughtered for political comfort. He reacted by disallowing the festival of Mass anyplace in the nation on the next Sunday with the exception of at his own Cathedral, a festival to which all the devoted were welcomed - and came - flooding in their thousands into the court outside. The occasion served to join the dependable and expel any questions about Romero's promise to equity. The legislature obviously

Definig Terrorrism and victims of terrorism Essay

Definig Terrorrism and survivors of psychological oppression - Essay Example Goals 1267 was passed in 1999 and identified with endorsing the Taliban. In 2000, the Swiss Federal Council executed Resolution 1267 by passing the Taliban Ordinance. Goals 1333 was passed by the UN Security Council in 2000 and extended assents against the Taliban to incorporate Al-Qaeda individuals. The extended assents required the selected UN Sanctions Committee to organize insight from conditions of any individual or gathering that may have associations with Al-Qaeda or its pioneer Osama canister Laden. In 2001, the Swiss government executed Resolution 1333 and incorporated an arrangement denying passageway or travel by means of Switzerland of any individual or gathering shrouded by the Resolution.3 In October 2001 the Swiss Federal Prosecutor started an examination of Nada, an Egyptian and Italian national living in Switzerland.4 The next month in November 2001, Nada together with others connected to him were remembered for the rundown kept up by the Sanctions Committee and were recorded by goodness of the Swiss Taliban Ordinance. ... In November 2002, Nada was captured and conveyed to Italy and his assets were seized. Meanwhile, Nada’s fringe license relevant to Switzerland was revoked.5 In March 2004, Nada applied to the Swiss migration authorities for consent to venture out to Switzerland for clinical consideration and to begin legitimate activity yet his application was denied. In May 2005, the Federal Prosecutor dropped the examination of Nada in light of the fact that the cases couldn't be validated. Therefore, Nada mentioned that his name be expelled from the rundown kept up by the Taliban Ordinance. Be that as it may, the solicitation was denied by the Federal Council in light of the fact that since Nada stayed recorded by the UN Sanctions Committee, he was unable to be expelled from the rundown kept up by Switzerland. In this way it was not until 2009 when Nada was expelled from the Sanctions Committee list that his name was expelled from the extension to the Taliban Ordinance. In any case, Nada re corded a grievance under Article 8 (assurance of protection and family life), Article 13 (qualifications to compelling cures) and Article 5 (security and freedom rights and a choice comparative with detainment immediately) of the European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 (ECHR).6 The ECtHR found that in spite of the way that outsiders were not ensured free access to remote outskirts and that the risk of fear based oppression was especially high when Nada was recorded, there were vitiating conditions and realities supporting Nada’s guarantee that his entitlement to protection and access to family life under Article 8 had been abused. In any case, Nada had been limited to an enclave in Switzerland’s domain viably cutting him off from contact with every other person. In addition, Nada’s wellbeing and age would be considered in deciding infringement of

DQ Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DQ - Essay Example These rights are additionally settled by the main establishing which hails the privilege of free discourse as a vote based sacred standard (American Government 4:9). Keeping this view looking back, the position of the media in depicting her as a Muslin fanatic only on the grounds of her vocal protestations are in reality unwarranted. Having said that, it ought to likewise be noticed that the Sedition Acts of 1798 restrict any perniciousness towards the administration, or the Congress (American Government 4:11), including the outflows of contradiction with the said specialists. A few states still emphatically approve this demonstrations, at any rate in their functions, and together with the state approaches of Maintown precluding the contamination of the U.S. banner, Miss Nader's capture is defended as she conflicted with the set laws of the city wherein she was working. America has consistently been a country of freedom and opportunity, and free discourse is the foundation of this freedom. It's Constitution expresses that.

Should The Uk Government Listen Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

First, universal banking are type of banking system that includes commercial, investment, and other whole range of banking activities, such as insurance, all under one roof. These kinds of concentration results in a high size and power institutions, those only big banks can create. Generally, they are accounted to perform certain principles of corporate governance of the public interest, but sadly they display unimpressive record and unproven promises. These institutions receive special treatment from the governments because they form a huge part in the economys income and also they are known to be too big to fail. Big banks failure causes the governments huge amount of costs in bailouts and financial damages. The argument to whether to break down these big banks started many years ago, for instance in the United States they passed the Glass- Steagall act 1933 to stop their bank failures. The pressure of deregulation, competition, financial innovation, and global reach caused them to withdraw the act, but the recent crisis is causing a debate on whether to bring the act back. The idea of breaking the big banks had been rumbling since the crisis causing the UK Government to consider the claims and propose a solution. Current situation Looking at the current situation of the UKs economy, a serious intervention is needed. The banking industry is still in recovery from the 2008 financial crisis that was caused by the complexity of these big banks and their underestimation of risk, the crisis that brought the whole global economy and most importantly lost the public confidence and faith. Additionally, the critical situation caused by continues manipulations and shocks that universal banks are causing. Such as the recent LIBOR scandals (Barclays) that showed how big banks bend and break rules with impunity even when they are under intense regulatory assessment, additionally for insistence money laundering, which increasingly added further record of additional losses. Such scandals show that the size of these banks allows them to commit such massive manipulations and insider dealings. UK economy cant afford any unsuspected crisis that will lead to a multi-million pound bailout and consequent bank panics. Not just affe cting the banking sector, the whole market, even working class employees tend to lose their jobs. However, any decision will result in some costs and the future of the industry will depend on an immediate solution that will help recover UKs economy into a stable one. The separation, narrow, or structural separation of the big banks has both benefits and costs; the debate will discuss these main points to reflect the impact either ones will have on the UK economy: Economies of scale and scope The costs of overlooking the advantage of economies of scale and scope stand strongly against the separation of the universal banks, and encourage mergers. Economies of scale leads to the shrinking of information and transaction costs by achieving higher efficiency, through sharing the monitoring activities based on the same client information, use the same information technology platform, and the spread of the management operating costs. Example: when the lender and broker share the same market risk for the loan portfolio and corporate bond trading, the management can generate synergies for cost sharing. Also, it can lead to other types of cost savings such as marketing savings (using the same brand for multiple products), bank clients search, contracts, switching costs, etc. Economies of scope are achieved through cross-selling. The universal bank benefits from the insider information gained from their clients relationship. By this their clients get to choose from a basket of pro ducts provided by the same bank to meet their financial needs, example: offer their corporate client a suited loan to finance their investment project. They provide the public with convenience, innovation, and efficiency, by capably allocating and utilizing resources through matching the needs of their customers in different functions. These banks dont only provide these different financial products and services domestically; they have many branches all over the world. However, based on the empirical evidence by Walter (2003), economics of scale and scope only exists in small-medium size financial institutions. The large institutions, such as the universal banks, actually suffers diseconomy because of their size the management inefficiently runs the complex large-scale business (as the below diagram displays); leading to uncompetitive monopoly market, and engaging in complex independent divisions, they are decreasing their efficiency and increasing additional costs. Inefficiency is also caused by the over paying for resources, for insistence universal banks pays and rewards their managers higher than needed to secure their services. Also, after the crisis it became costly for universal banks to give loans to consumers as they are still engaged in the pay off of bad derivates gambling debts. In result, big banks dont show that much efficiency that smaller banks cant show. Furthermore, the big banks engagement in different and new exotic instruments leads to diseconomies of scope. It does them harm more than good, their increase of scope doesnt enhance their value and distracts them away. Economies-and-diseconomies.png Diversification and financial stability Another major argument point is diversification, as it leads to risk reduction. Universal banks enjoy such benefit from the different business lines it provides to the market. Due to the low correlation of revenues from the different functions, leads to a stable earning and decreases the bankruptcy risk leading to a higher credit rating and lower refinancing costs. Also, from a macroeconomic perspective, the risk reduction will promote financial stability as due to the consistency of the funds, decrease of the counterparty risk in inter-bank markets, and lower probability of bank-runs. For instance, because the investment banking is volatile to the market fluctuations their failure could be absorbed by the profits of the lending activities, whereas if it was not diversified it will cause the bank to bankruptcy that will affect the stability of the whole financial system. Not just investment banks other many specialized banks (savings and loans banks) failed because they were not we ll-diversified in their assets, liabilities, and operations. The greatest example is the mergers of pure investment banks during the crisis because they couldnt afford to stand alone. However, the concern of the spill-over effect of the operations of the riskier investment banking the so-called casino banking, over the retail banking arm, the safe side. Having a casino banking means when a commercial bank arm gets engaged in pure risk taking projects and investments, through speculative trading in wholesale financial markets; trading in assets, securities, derivatives and other speculative bets, to exploit profit. Taking advantage of the retail funds and use information of their customers, information asymmetry, this shows no transparency and disrupts the free market. While in contrast, commercial banking are suppose to be restricted from engaging in risky activities due to strict regulations and trust to their customers deposits. However temptations will always encourage the bi g banks to find ways to overlook and find loop holes to go around regulations, showing misusage of the individual consumer that leads to financial losses and moral issues, considering that they have nothing to do with traditional depository functions. The task of avoiding the spill-over of the riskier security trading business to the safety of the deposit taking is still crucial to the regulators. Especially that the effect can cause reputation risk, a scandal that will lead to loss of the over-all brand and the loss of the customers to other banks. The act will result in conflict of interest which acts as a major obvious disadvantage of growing universal banks and leads to the loss of the public interest. It can arise in different ways; such as among lender, underwriter, equity holder, sales broker, asset manager, or insurer. For example: using private information to remove loans with poorer quality from the balance sheet by converting the loans into public securities. Such lack of transparency puts the loss of the clients confidence on the edge and encourages the bank managers to take on more risks for profit maximization. Considering their too big to fail guarantee and deposit insurance, the central bank has to act as the lender of last resort, which increases the moral hazard problems. Considering the financial stability the size and power of the universal banks directs to a concentrated monopoly market players, resulting in a high market authority and hard to regulate. To be able to recover, UK financial system needs a healthy and successful stable economy. Universal banks existing might not help, because it needs two important elements freedom and competition. The monopoly structure that these banks have eliminates such stability and harms the economy. The smaller banks havent been able to expand and flourish because of the big banks concentration, even though they are well capitalized institutions that have the ability to show prospects and gain the UK economy. Narrow banking The other type of reform is narrowing and limiting the functions of the bank, and so-called narrow banking, which is a proposed banking solution type. It is a banking type that is way too safe and guaranteed. The idea seems as the perfect structure; however it is not the suitable reform to heal the economy. Because they are heavily regulated they dont offer the same return as the loosely-regulated wider bank competitors, and there are limits to their development reach. As a result, it will cause the depositors, fund providers, to switch to the less regulated banks for higher return, because at the end profit is more important than guarantees. They will not provide tools to prevent any further financial crisis. The future of UK economy The recovery and rebalance of the economy will be taking a long time in process. As the growth will be relatively subdued by the historic standards for the upcoming years as the banking system remains damaged. So the UK economy future will depend on the government decision to reform their banking system. The banking system and economy cant afford any more damage, so that is why the Independent Commission in Britain had proposed to the government the idea of ring fence. It is a reform of the universal banks to not split them up but to avoid the arms of the casino banking; separate legal entity within the group (structural separation). It will be implemented around 2019, but both non-risky and risky activities will still be remaining under the ring. However, there are banks starting to ask for flexibility in implementing the ring fence showing early indication that such reform might not even work. Additionally, considering the new rules from the upcoming Basel III, this will require banks to hold a three times as much capital as they presently do, might still not be sufficient enough to be used as a cushion in the event of a collapse. Conclusion Universal banks are too big to fail and their unpredictable fail causes a massive impact and distress to the banking system, economy, and confidence of the public. The recent crisis causes that were known because of the ill-managed, highly concentrated and undercapitalized financial sector made the public demand a separation of these big banks. However, whatever reform (separation, narrow banking, or structural separation) the UK government decides to take has both benefits and costs that should be considered. Through the essay a debate were displayed to trade-off between these benefits and costs, through looking at the economies of scale and scope, diversification, and financial stability. The over-all result shows no superiority of one system over the others. Whatever the reform results in, the most important aspect is that the banking system needs an internal capital market (high quality capital and liquidity management) in case if an external financing distortion in the market. It is important that a problem in a particular area dont disrupt across the system, because it will end in an every lasting uncertainty of a systemic collapse and failure cant be eliminated. Most importantly people need to have confidence that their financial system is safe and stable, and that it will function right to provide stable service to the UK economy. Also, ensuring that the UK economy remain an attractive market, such as for the foreign banks.

The Economic Economy Of Australia - 1777 Words

Every year, the statistical organization of each country will count the gross domestic product (GDP) of the country, and calculate the growth rate compared with other countries. In general, GDP growth has become an important manifestation of the country s comprehensive national strength. In economics, GDP is an important index of a country s economic health. It is important because each component of GDP will represent in daily life. In Australia, GDP growth dependent on its service sector, manufacturing and agriculture, in which the service sector accounted for the highest proportion of total GDP. Moreover, Australia is a country which has rich resources, and this become another economic growth point that different from other countries.†¦show more content†¦For different purpose, the different GDP frames will be used. â€Å"Real GDP is the value of final goods and services produced in a given year when valued at the prices of a reference base year; Nominal GDP is the value of final goods and services produced in a given year when valued at the prices of that year. The maximum level of real GDP that can be produced while avoiding shortages of labour, capital, land and entrepreneurial ability that would bring rising inflation is called potential GDP (McTaggart, Findlay Parkin, 2012).† In this essay, GDP stands for real GDP, and real GDP can be calculated by either the expenditure approach or the income approach. In this essay, the expenditure approach will be used. Aggregate expenditure describes the relationship between total consumption and national income. It can be calculated with a formula: AE = C + I + G + NX. In this formula, the C stands for household consumption, the I stands for investment expenditure, the G stands for government expenditure and the NX stands for net export expenditure. The change of these components will eventually affect real GPD. The expenditure approach is important because it can tell the government of consumersâ⠂¬â„¢ demand so that the government can better allocate resources. It can also convey the economic situation signals to the central bank to help them to carry out macroeconomic regulation and control. The figure 1 below shows the aggregate expenditure

Guide to Parent Functions

Essay about A Comparison of Two Paintings from the...

A Comparison of Two Paintings from the Renaissance Period Introduction This paper will compare the themes found in the paintings â€Å"Madonna and Child with St. John the Baptist and an Angel† by Domenico di Bartolomeo Ubaldini (Puligo) and â€Å"Madonna Enthroned† by Giotto. Both paintings deal with fables from the Christian faith but were executed during different periods in art. The Giotto painting was created around 1310 and the Puglio painting was executed between 1518 – 1520. Here, these two paintings have similar themes both at the extreme beginnings and endings of the Italian Renaissance, and as such they serve to present an exceptional example of the developments in art that occurred within that time. This paper shall compare†¦show more content†¦John the Baptist is also allowed to stand near the holy mother and child, and an angel is present. Because of this, the viewer contends with a literal story rather than a simple image as in â€Å"Madonna Enthroned†. Also in Puligo’s image, where the central figures are larger and better seen, there are religious symbols used. The same might be true in Giotto’s work but the details are harder to distinguish. Visual Form and Style The style and the form of these two paintings reflect the development of the artistic techniques during the Italian Renaissance. While both reflect a Biblical theme with a central focal point of the Madonna and Child, â€Å"Madonna Enthroned† has a key image that is best viewed from a central position and â€Å"Madonna and Child†¦Ã¢â‚¬  has a greater degree of importance over the majority of the surface of the canvas. In â€Å"Madonna and Child†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the viewer does not perceive that an image is being forced upon them as is found in the work by Giotto. A use of light and space is also key to preventing the Puligo piece from being â€Å"forced†, where the organization of distance visibly removes the viewer from â€Å"Madonna Enthroned† while drawing the viewer into the painting in â€Å"Madonna and Child†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Color also serves a similar purpose, where Giotto’s work is monochromatic but ocher while Puligo†™s work carries a greater expression through the detail involved. The mood of these two pieces is remarkable in that color does not play as greatShow MoreRelatedA Comparison of Two Paintings from the Renaissance Period Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesA Comparison of Two Paintings from the Renaissance Period Introduction This paper will compare the themes found in the paintings Madonna and Child with St. John the Baptist and an Angel by Domenico di Bartolomeo Ubaldini (Puligo) and Madonna Enthroned by Giotto. Both paintings deal with fables from the Christian faith but were executed during different periods in art. The Giotto painting was created around 1310 and the Puglio painting was executed between 1518 Ââ€" 1520. Here, these twoRead MoreArt in the Middle Ages and The Renaissance and Its Effect in Society1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe Medieval period also referred to as the Middle Ages was the period of time between the demise of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance era; this was the period from the 5th century to the 17th century in Europe. During this time, society conformed to the feudal system which was based on the hierarchy approach which upper class had control over the lower class. Included in this class structure were kings, lords, neighboring kings, peasants and church leaders. In the Middle Ages, art evolvesRead MoreCompare and Contrast Italian Renaissance Painting and Sculpture to the Northern Renaissance Painting and Sculpture1731 Words   |  7 PagesItalian Renaissance to the artworks of the Renaissance in the North, you have to understand the roots of the Renaissance. 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Neoclassicism was a way for artists to display their wish to return to meaningful art, to escape the frivolity of landscapes and still life paintings, and paint something that had a moral, educational or inspirational value to theRead MoreNaturalism Is the Style of Art That Details Precision and Accuracy in Displaying Things900 Words   |  4 Pagesfigures and depicting those figures in natural setting as realistically as possible. Prior to the Renaissance, artists maintained their dependence upon the ancient tradition of icon painting, mostly of the religious kind. Duccio di Buoninsega of Siena conveyed within his paintings early features of naturalism, which would invoke an expressive and spiritual seriousness to the viewer of these paintings. From his early work on out, Duccio displayed a progressive abandonment of the early forms of art. 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The Negative Effects Of Racism Segregation And Violence

Negative Effects of Racism: Segregation and Violence Racial discrimination affects many minority groups and this issue still occurs to this day. Racial discrimination is the act of treating others differently because of the color of their skin. Although there have been laws placed to prohibit racial discrimination, racism still occurs and continues to have many negative effects to minority groups today. The negative effects of racial discrimination are discussed in the fiction novel, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the nonfiction article â€Å"Sen. Franken Questions Uber, Lyft About Race, Gender Discrimination Against Customers† by Al Franken, and â€Å"The Trial of the Scottsboro Boys† by Douglas O. Linder. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird,†¦show more content†¦Scout Finch, the narrator of the story, sneaks out to view the trial along with the rest of the town. Upon arriving and sneaking up the the segregated balcony for blacks, â€Å"four negroes rose and gave [them] their front row seats† (Lee 16 4). The black people in the balcony still give up â€Å"their front row seats† for more privileged people like Scout, Jem, Dill, and Reverend Sykes, even though black people are already segregated in the courthouse due to their skin color. Their feeling of being oppressed and having to cater to white people shows how racial discrimination leads to black people thinking that their only place in the world is to be compliant to whites. Despite the fact that segregation laws have been abolished to diminish racial discrimination, the oppression of black people still exists and is still reflected in how they are treated today. Not only is oppression against black people is seen throughout in To Kill a Mockingbird, but it is also discussed in the article â€Å"Sen. Franken Questions Uber, Lyft About Race, Gender Discrimination Against Customers.† In the article, â€Å"Sen. Franken Questions Uber, Lyft About Race, Gender Discrimination Against Customers,† the author dem onstrates how black people are often oppressed when they come upon ride-hailing apps and cabs. African-Americans have had to deal with â€Å"long experienced discrimination when attempted to hail a taxi directly from the curb, with cabs either driving past African-American customers orShow MoreRelatedRacism : Nelson Mandela, Former President Of South Africa1523 Words   |  7 Pageslove comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite† (Nelson Mandela Museum). Racism has been at the forefront of debates since the Nineteenth century and has spread throughout the United States, creating outrage, violence, and political reform. Racism has been the main cause behind many major organizations in this country, some even political. Some organizations take a firm stance against racism, such as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and someRead MoreThe Unequal Separation Of African Americans1453 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican Americans as a wh ole agree that racial segregation has affected their chances of employment, residency, education and access to proper health facilities. Many have stories and experiences of being qualified for a job but being turned down for being African American. Several experiments have been conducted where an African American would attempt to view homes in diverse neighborhoods and be turned down and white co-workers or friends would call immediately after and be invited to come in.Read MoreThe Red Summer Of 19191038 Words   |  5 Pagesour country. We were killing one another because of the hatred towards racism. â€Å"The Red Summer of 1919 refers to a series of race riots that took place between May and October of that year. Although riots occurred in more than thirty cities throughout the United States, the bloodiest events were in Chicago, Washington D.C. and Elaine, Ark.† (Retreived from the About Education website : http://afroamhistory.about.com/od/segregation/p/The-Red-Summer- Of-1919.htm). The riots lasted for about 5 months inRead MoreEssay on The Harmful Effects Of Discrimination And Segregation534 Words   |  3 PagesDiscrimination and Segregation have both had many harmful effects on society in the past and exist when individuals are treated unfairly because of their particular race, gender, age, ethnic group, physical disability, or religion. Discrimination and segregation both poison the atmosphere of trust that we need in order to live peacefully. In the video Separate but Equal;, there are many incidences to prove that racism, segregation, and discrimination all have negative effects. The three most prominentRead MoreThe Black Civil Rights Movement Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pagesrights as theirs. The reason that the civil rights campaign began is because individual southern states introduced Jim Crow laws which encouraged segregation. These states claimed that it did not break the 14th and 15th amendments because they were separate but equal and in 1897 the Supreme Court found in favour of segregation in Plessey v Ferguson. Black pressure groups were formed such as the Niagara movement and the NAACP. To combat this, the NAACP had more middleclassRead MoreEffects Of Racism1095 Words   |  5 PagesRacism is an individual, institutional, and societal issue that negatively affects the lives of many African-Americans. Structural racism is a term used to describe the institutional and societal levels of racism. These levels have caused negative effects in the mental and physical public health of African-Americans, and yet are rarely discussed. Hiding or ignoring the impact of racism on public health disparities is not the same as fighting against them. It is allowing them to be repeated withoutRead MoreSocial Forces Of The Holocaust1534 Words   |  7 Pagesmassive as the Holocaust has no choice but to affect the country of Germany. Reiner and his mother’s views are extremely different. Reiner and his mother disagree about the fact that Germany should rid itself of racism. Reiner believes that since his generation wasn’t involved in the racism that existed during the time of â€Å"Nazi Germany†, that his generation should not have to work to fix a problem that they did not cause. His views are affected in different ways than his mothers. Reiner’s views areRead MoreFactors Influencing The Sexual Health Of Aboriginal Young Women932 Words   |  4 Pagessexual health of Aboriginal young women in remote communities include cultural beliefs, youth, gender, and social class, embedded within a broader socioeconomic and political context, which includes the historical and current impacts of colonisation, racism and discrimination, and government policy. Cultural beliefs relating specifically to sexual health include limited support for the use of contraception in some communities, acceptability of Aboriginal women having children young, and cultural understandingsRead MoreSummary Of Ghosts Of Ole Miss 1225 Words   |  5 Pagesinstitution may have a negative effect on those who look to apply or be a part of the institution. The history of a place sets the epitome of future enrollees. Some of the ghosts that haunt any college may have an extremely negative impact on how they are viewed today. This negative perception of the university can lead to strong economic deficits. Throughout trying to combat negative concepts that are thrust upon an institution, they have resolved issues of ethics, violence and, to most importantlyRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pagesfor equal rights weren’t over yet due to Jim Crow Laws established between 1877 and the 1950s. The Jim Crow Laws were any laws between 18 77 and the 1950s that enforced racial segregation in the U.S., which included segregation of public facilities, education, and voting. But, African-Americans stood up against racial segregation during the 1950s in a movement towards equality called the Civil Rights Movement. Their efforts for equality paid off when in 1964 the Civil Rights Act was signed by President

Should Prostitution Be Legal - 1157 Words

Legalizing Prostitution in Brothels Throughout America When someone says prostitution, the first couple things that probably come to mind are grimy girls that have ruined their lives with drugs sitting on a couch cracked out with a man they just met. Prostitutes are looked at as whores who cannot sustain a real career so they are forced to sell their bodies for sex. The prostitution industry is essentially just like any other service industry. The worker charges his or her customer for a service in exchange for money. Prostitution is currently illegal in all the US states except for some counties in Nevada, but still provides for millions of men and women across the country(Chen).Prostitutes, like any other employee deserve to have protection while at work and support from the government. If prostitution was legal strictly within a Brothel setting, the government could have much more control on the situation and sex work could be transformed. Having one setting where all prostitutio n was legal with protection by law enforcement and provided healthcare, all of the negative schemas that follow prostitution could potentially be eliminated. Legalizing these houses would reduce the percentage of HIV/AIDS among sex workers and reduce violence and sex crimes. Largely people are against the legalization of prostitution because they believe it will only contribute to the percentage of sex workers with sexually transmitted diseases. Legal brothels in Nevada have already proved thisShow MoreRelatedShould Prostitution Be Legal? Essay1145 Words   |  5 PagesShould prostitution be legal? Prostitution has been around for decades. Since 1780 BC the legalization of prostitution has been a controversial topic. Prostitution is the act or practice of engaging in promiscuous sexual relations especially for money.† Prostitution. Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2016. Many claim that is one of the oldest professions. If this is one of the oldest professions why is it still illegal? So many people have different opinions on the issueRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal1695 Words   |  7 Pagesthat prostitution will exist no matter what because men will always degrade women, and women, in turn, can do the same to men, even though these moral aspects are not connected with the legalization process, mostly depending on moral qualities of the society members, and not on a position on prostitution. Thus, the essay will try to prove why prostitution should not be legal with the help of analysis of the articles of the well-known scientists. While feminist theory represents prostitution as aRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1236 Words   |  5 Pagesmajority of people believe prostitution should stay illegal, claiming that the legalization of prostitution will only make the chances of getting an STD even higher, an increase in rape rates, and will also add to the growth of human trafficking. Although this could be the case, there have been many studies that tell a different story. Currently, Nevada has allowed prostitution in 11 of its counties with much success. There can be many benefits from the legalization of prostitution in the states. LegalizingRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal? Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution has existed in history since before most people can remember. In our time, prostitution is hotly debated as to whether it should be a professional working job, or whether it is immoral and oppressive to women. This debate has existed since the dawn of time, and there is still no clear answer. Society demands that police should stop certain illicit activities from happening in their neighborhoods, but should law enforcement be made to waste their time and effort to arrest those thatRead MoreProstitution: It Should Be Legal 1431 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Merriam- Webster dictionary, prostitution is defined as â€Å"the work of a prostitute: the act of having sex in exchange for money† (cite). Underneath this definition is one that follows as, â€Å"the use of a skill or ability in a way that is not appropriate or respectable† (cite). Prostitution is a pressing matter in the United States and, as one can assume after reading the second definition given, implicated negatively throughout society. Many view this topic in an undesirable mannerRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1440 Words   |  6 PagesCanadian legal system stands prostitution. Prostitution by definition is the practice or occupation of engaging in sexual activity with s omeone for payment. Prostitution in our legal system can be dated back to the 18th century, this was the first Canadian statute to acknowledge prostitution. Prostitution in this time was handled by three legal approaches, regulation, prohibition and lastly rehabilitation. It is believed that because of these three legal approaches that is why prostitution is stillRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1057 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A human body is a temple; we should love it and respect it.† How often have we come across those people who sell their bodies, so-called temples and have been termed as â€Å"prostitutes?† Prostitution can be defined as the profession of getting involved in sexual activity with someone and to get paid back in return. Sex and sex-related issues have always been the matter to be hidden, and the civilized people are considered to be not speaking about it at all. Despite the fact, none can escape it ourRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1150 Words   |  5 Pagesgroup of friends. The question is: Should prostitution be legal? My question is: Why shouldn’t it? By all means I respect the opinion that having sex for money is completely illegal in most states but what about stripping? Stripping is completely legal and paid for lap dances aren’t the only advancement allowed. Strippers are allowed to receive payment to have sexual encounters within the establishment and it is completely legal. Protection for working women should exist across the board, not justRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1371 Words   |  6 PagesKayla Beaty College Success Professor Jernigan 02/04/2015 Prositution in the U.S For my paper I chose the topic â€Å"Prostitution In the U.S† I picked this topic because I feel as if there’s a lot to discuss about the subject itself. Prostitution in my eyes, should be illegal in all parts of America. I feel as if the crime itself is degrading not only to women, but the families of those involved that choose to commit these acts. My personal opinion, going more into detail is that I grew up viewingRead MoreProstitution Should Not Be Legal1753 Words   |  8 Pagesthe topic of prostitution, most of us will readily agree that it is wrong as it portrays a negative image on women. Where this agreement usually ends, however, it is whether or not it’s a negative outcome. Whereas some are convinced that prostitution should be legal, others maintain that it should stay illegal because of moral intuitions. I disagree that prostitution should be legalized because it’s a form of slavery. Here are many feminists would probably object that prostitution is an utterly

The Significance Of Choice Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Significance Of Choice Essay, Research Paper The Significance of Choice Victoria Bissell Brown put it best with her Hagiographas in, # 8220 ; Abortion Fight Is Over Choice. # 8221 ; The rubric entirely has a important significance. The # 8220 ; fight # 8221 ; is over the ability of an person or a group, to back up, deny or even see the action of holding an abortion. The # 8220 ; fight # 8221 ; is over the existent pick of our actions and our beliefs sing this or any other topic. Should adult females ( or work forces ) have the right to take whether or non they can hold an abortion? If they do non, so who makes the pick for them? Even with all the different attacks and regardless of the existent topic, the significance is still placed on the right to take. It is difficult for me to conceive of what it must be like for those who do non populate in a state where such picks are left to be independently announced, allow entirely holding such controversial topics as abortion rights be discussed and decided among the populace. We will write a custom essay sample on The Significance Of Choice Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We live in a state where we have the freedom to do up our ain heads. Where we even have the right to reason about such topics as abortion and drugs with those who disagree with us. Freedom of pick is a right frequently taken for granted even though we use it mundane. We have entree to it every minute of our lives and Thursday is enables us to do a pick regardless of the ground. As an added advantage this right besides allows new thoughts to be introduced into society and our positions to be widened through exposure to assortment. Freedom to believe, freedom to show, freedom to differ. It is besides really ennobling to province your ain sentiment, particularly on such a controversial topic. When a individual states their beliefs, they are saying more than merely # 8220 ; I am pro-choice # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; I am an anti-abortionist. # 8221 ; When they take a base and province their sentiment and beliefs they are stating, # 8220 ; I am capable of doing and saying an independent belief based on my ain ideas and or feelings. # 8221 ; This demonstrates strength, bravery and the ability to set themselves straight in the line of fire if their picks are non agreed with. In response to the action of doing a strong look, exerting their freedom of pick, and opening themselves to those around them, there is a certain feeling of accomplishment when a individual receives regard for their standing. As Victoria Brown described the regard and pride she had for her girl as they finished their treatment on their opposite positions of abortion rights ; # 8220 ; She wants the liberty to do her ain pick about abortion. And in that, she is true to the proud tradition of the abortion rights movement. # 8221 ;

Research Business Operations Craft Beer Bar

Question: Define the topic as a business function. What is its purpose? How will this topic affect the business we are trying to open? Directly apply a plan based on the topic for our business . Answer Purpose The purpose is to open Craft beer bar in Hagerstown city as the third most popular drink in US consumed after tea and coffee is beer. The concept will have European music, wooden seating, and standard glasses for serving beer with different uniform for male and female attendants. A simple decoration as in beer bars and for serving food silverware has to be used (Bethany Conroy). The food served will be according to the localities residing in Hagerstown city. Affecting Business Decision The beer bar business is huge crowd puller in Hagerstown city as each glass served has its own creation and innovation for consumers. The business will bring positive gains as the drink is consumed daily to enrich the taste and celebrate each day. Plan for Business The US beer market is huge for consumers and the market segment is Microbrewery refers to a brewery where 75% of beer is sold outside the shop and produces lees then 15,000 barrels of beer per year. Market Analysis As per the US market it can be seen 22% growth is sales with an overall market rising to 0.5%. The production volume of Craft in 2014 rose to 18% from the last financial year. This shows that beer imported is at 6.9% and the export rate shows 3.6% of brand. The production volume consists of 14.3% as microbrewery segment of beer brand in US. The market size has increased by 2 million barrels and the cans alone have contributed to less than 20% in the total US beer market (Brewers Association). Total Market Share In 2014 the total market share of Crafts was 11%. Total Market The overall beer market rose to $101.5 billion and alone Craft Beer market comprises of $19.6 billion in it alone. The Brewers Association said that the company is performing better from 2013 as 7.89% as compared to 2014. By breaking all records the small and medium sized organization broke all records (Nordrum) Target Market The target market is Hagerstown city while focusing on both men and women. Those customers who prefer malted beer be serving traditional values. The drink can be enjoyed with friends or family. The age group of people is between 21-40 years as they feel it represents a class of section different from non-beer drinkers. As per Mintel report 2013 on millennial state that people between the age group 25-34 years consume brands beer (Chen). Fig: 1 Craft Brew Industry [Source: www. college.usatoday.com] Total Feasible Market The feasibility to open Crafts in Hagerstown city is known to be feasible as the brands is enjoying its market share in against their competitors. Positioning Strategy The competitors of Crafts are Bennys Pub, Always Rons, The Corner Pub etc. and as the brand is opening in Hagerstown city it can use its product features. The strategy is using the ingredients such as malt hop varieties, maple syrup, aloha etc. The customers can opt for traditional beers as they feel beer makes them a different section of consumer altogether (Marsh). Marketing Plan Macro Environment Political Factor Taxation Policy Intervention by Government Social Factor High Purchasing Power Drinking Beer represents social class Capturing the US market Technological Factor Change in price of products Technology Improvement Using local festivals for encouraging people US is the 13th country in world leading to beer consumption Economic Environmental Factor Rising sales in holidays Recycling its product Legal Factor Smoking Ban Change in Drinking and Driving Law Micro Environment Competitors Bennys Pub aim is to come as a stranger and leave the place as a friend by having fostering such a environment Always Rons deals with restaurant, beer cafe and prepared food The Corner Pub owned by Vernon Darryl Sword hosts private parties, celebrations etc. with its spacious interiors (Thecornerpub.net). They have weekly draw at 9 pm everyday for attracting customers. Consumers The Beer drinkers celebrate emotion by gaining on experience by creating social networks and enjoying their drink. They want to enjoy each moment and foster friendship and at times it is compared to wines. Advertising Methods The adverting used while opening Craft Beer the modes of advertisement are online, public speaking and event sponsorship. This helps in connecting with the audience through social media sites such as Facebook, using ads, Google Ad words etc. The word of mouth spreading of information to people in Hagerstown city and sponsoring local events of city will make them popular (Heimonen and Uusitalo). Sales Tools Promotional Activities January Feb Lobster Promotion Live Entertainment Various Events taking place March Happy hour 4-7pm Happy Hour time to be Happy 5-8 pm Live music weekends Tuesdays celebrations Rock Baby Rock April DJ Friday Night Live Music Weekends After Work Timings May Sunday Brunch Free Kids Painting Kids Eating Free on Sundays June Happy Hours July Live Entertainment Flashback Sunday Brunch August Martini Mondays Happy Hour 4-7 September Live Entertainment Double points on purchasing beer as 2x October Live Music on Weekdays Face Painting for Kids November Live Entertainment December DJ sessions Christmas Party For promotions car show can take place by inviting various cars to display in Hagerstown city to entertain the audience. Selling beer at some dollars less than being actual fare displayed in menu for effective means of consuming more to attract more customers. Loyalty Plan The loyalty plan for repeated customers will be 30% off on the next drink for the day. The points earned by them will act as a loyalty purchased credited in their account. The account can be managed by providing a loyalty card used on the next purchase either on food or drink. The points earned will have a validity period of 2 months from using it (Gee, Coates and Nicholson). The points can be earned on combination say one pitcher/mug free with any draught beer. This will make the customer make to make repeat purchase by having an added advantage. References Bethany Conroy, Akron Roots Advertising 2015. "Craft Beer Bar. Downtown Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio.". Craft-beer-bar.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Brewers Association,. "National Beer Sales Production Data - Brewers Association". N.p., 2014. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Chen, Xun Yao. "Why Craft Beer Attracts Millennials And Consumers With Momentum - Market Realist". Marketrealist.com. N.p., 2013. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Gee, Robert, Graham Coates, and Mike Nicholson. "Understanding And Profitably Managing Customer Loyalty".Marketing Intelligence Planning26.4 (2008): 359-374. Web. Heimonen, Kari, and Outi Uusitalo. "The Beer Market And Advertising Expenditure". Marketing Intelligence Planning 27.7 (2009): 945-975. Web. Marsh, Rebecca. "A New Company Descriptor Takes Us Into A New Era". Marketing Intelligence Planning 29.1 (2011): n. pag. Web. NORDRUM, AMY. "Craft Beer Breaks Double-Digit Market Share For The First Time In US". IBT 2015. Web. 1 Feb. 2016. Thecornerpub.net,. "The Corner Pub - Friendly Irish Pub In Hagerstown, Maryland". N.p., 2015. Web. 1 Feb. 2016.

How to Format the Subject Matter Jurisdiction Sample Essay Template

How to Format the Subject Matter Jurisdiction Sample Essay TemplateThe Subject Matter Jurisdiction Sample Essay is an easy to use template to help you begin your 'paper work'. You can fill in the blanks as you go along and make sure it is correct before submission. It works great as a way to get a start on writing your own essay. In this tutorial we will look at how to format the document and write the first sentence.Before you begin writing the Subject Matter Jurisdiction Sample Essay, you need to determine what you are going to write about. An essay must contain three main parts and those are the opening, the first paragraph and the conclusion. Let's look at how to format each section.To get started with this process you will need to download a template of the type used in classroom settings for writing tests. A template is an easy to use tool to assist you when you are learning the format and structure of academic essays. You can look through several different templates online or you can purchase a template at your local bookstore. I would recommend that you purchase a high quality paper template because they are inexpensive and they will help you save time and money in the long run.The Subject Matter Jurisdiction Sample Essay requires the first paragraph and the first two sentences to be completed and the third sentence to follow after the first paragraph. All of the other paragraphs require the same amount of thought and should be well written. Remember, it is best to write in chronological order. Write the beginning, middle and end of each paragraph on the same page and then continue writing from the last paragraph in to the first paragraph.When the first paragraph is complete, it needs to have a clear summary sentence to answer the reader's question. It should also be factual and provide information so the reader knows what the essay is about. To write the summary sentence, use your hand and take the time to think about what you want to say and then summ arize the information into one sentence.After you have written the summary sentence, you should write the conclusion sentence. Just remember, the conclusion needs to be specific and tie in to what you just wrote in the first paragraph. If you didn't find the information you wanted, use the outline or other reference materials to help you in this part of the essay. Finally, the first sentence of the second paragraph needs to be a concise summary of what the first paragraph was about.Just like any other type of essay, you will need to edit your work at least five times. This can help you get the best results possible. You will notice once you read and edit the essay, it will flow much better. Keep this in mind when you are editing your essay.The Subject Matter Jurisdiction Sample Essay is an easy to use template to help you begin your 'paperwork' with essay writing. You can fill in the blanks as you go along and make sure it is correct before submission. It works great as a way to get a start on writing your own essay.

International Cooperation can only be materialized through International Institutions

Hate Relationship with Writers and theInternet

Talkin About a Revolution The Love/Hate Relationship with Writers and theInternet When the masses first realized the power and reach of the Internet, it was a bit like the fences being torn down at Woodstock. They werent very effective anyway, but once they were down, everyone, the dirty, the silly, the outrageous, and the dull stormed into the mudpit. In the days before the Internet, it was mighty hard to get published in any sense of the word.   Writers without the backing of a traditional media house had to resort to zines, vanity presses, or just weeping quietly over their Chai teas in sporadically attended coffee-house gatherings. All that would soon change. While there still may not be a lot of money out there for the majority of writers, there is coveted exposure.   Consider this. In 2003, there were 500,000 blogs on the Web. By 2004, there were 4 million. The latest statistics available reveal that by December of 2010, there were 152 million blogs. Some real writers were, and are, skeptical.   And with the dawning of social media such as Facebook, the chance for anyone who fancies himself a writer to post whatever and whenever the muse strikes them, only makes many of those authors roll their eyes even farther back into their heads. Consider the poem    The New Yorker   published this week by mega-star author Sherman Alexie: The Facebook Sonnet Welcome to the endless high school Reunion. Welcome to past friends And lovers, however kind or cruel. Lets undervalue and unmend The present. Why cant we pretend Every stage of life is the same? Lets exhume, resume, and extend Childhood. Lets all play the games That occupy the young. Let fame And shame intertwine. Let ones search For God become public domain. Let church.com become our church. Lets sign up, sign in, and confess Here at the altar of loneliness. While Alexies sonnet does not speak directly about the irritations many published authors feel about lesser known or obscure writers, the themes comes across as a bit cranky, and perhaps somewhat patronizing towards those who put their thoughts out there in written form for all to see. I have spoken to many authors who do not feel blogging is real writing (and granted, a lot of it is not, but some of it is).   And Facebook?. PLUUUEEEZE. The way I see it, the good writers will eventually win out and there is no harm in letting the poorer ones at least try to improve their skills.   Many of my friends are writers, and they regularly post their poems, essays, or just general witticisms on Facebook.   The feedback I personally get is invaluable, and I enjoy being able to be exposed to the thoughts of my friend and colleagues, as well as helping them in return by way of comment, support, or constructive criticism. While writers like Alexie may poo-poo the common man and his attempt at communicating, other writers are more accepting. I was surprised when I asked some very famous authors like Marge Piercy to friend me (not just become a fan of her page) and she accepted, as did Albert Brooks and Lewis Black. Now, I cant know if they personally ever view their Facebook pages, but they might and who knows? Im one of the 152 million vying for a spot at the table in Olympus.

Managerial Functions on Starting a Sporting Goods Store Assignment

Managerial Functions on Starting a Sporting Goods Store - Assignment Example The store is likely to deal in a variety of sports goods supplied by different manufactures of national and international repute. According to North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), a sporting goods store may be defined as "an establishment primarily engaged in retailing new sporting goods, such as bicycles and bicycle parts; camping equipment; exercise and fitness equipment; athletic uniforms; specialty sports footwear; and sporting goods, equipment, and accessories".(Small Business Notes) Planning function is fundamental to any serious and time-bond activity. In business, the importance of planning activity cannot be over emphasized. It is commonly accepted that a well formulated plan is half done of what is required to be done in future. As remarked by Arnold S. Goldstein, a good business plan is the road map to success (Goldstein 2002). However, the activities to be performed at this stage differ from business to business. The various elements of planning process of the present business can be detailed as below: 2. Finding t an appropriate location for the shop: Location is very important as it determines how successful the business is. It is advisable to find a location near schools or colleges and/or near to stadium or sports grounds. 5. 3. Complying with the legal Formalities: The following requirements are to be completed before starting the business operations in the United States (State Requirements):- a. Getting Business Licenses b. Registration for Occupations and Professions c. Licenses Based on Products Sold d. Tax Registration e. Trade Name Registration, and f. Employer Registration 4. Strategic Planning: This requires the firm to frame appropriate long term plans for the firm to survive in a competitive and highly innovative business environment. 5. Financial Planning: Initially finance is required not only to meet start up capital but for meeting day to day working capital as well. The working capital requirement of a retail shop is relatively lower than that of manufacturing firms. 6. Finding suppliers: When selecting the suppliers, the manger should take care of the reputation and reliability of the supplier and must ensure that goods are available without interruption. It is also imperative that materials are at affordable prices and good quality. Organising It is basically a function of grouping of all activities of an organisation into various departments and determining the authority and responsibility of employees assigned to various groups/departments (Kroon 1995). Since the present organisation is of trading nature, it is better not to for very complicated organisation structure. Therefore, it has been decided to follow the functional approach of organisational structure where the entire activities are grouped into departments based on the nature of function. The following departments have been formed so as to

Viability of Incorporating E-business Research Paper

Viability of Incorporating E-business - Research Paper Example The prevailing scenario of the business world is the outcome of multiple factors where globalisation plays a very crucial role. Globalisation has itself offered better opportunities for trade and commerce as it has helped to enhance international trade. Moreover, the technological advancement is another key factor that has contributed significantly towards the growth prospect. The world economies have experienced a massive development in the fields of information & communication technology, transportation, infrastructure, research & development etc. All these improvements have changed the entire social and economic arena and now the entire business world is successfully incorporating and utilising these technical improvements to gain a better and sustainable competitive advantage over the prevailing highly competitive business world. In this regard, e-business and e-commerce are two most crucial technological developments that have revolutionised the entire business world. ...On the other hand, considering the prevailing essence of competitive advantage, every organisation must incorporate e-business in their strategic business management. This paper will attempt to offer a plan for incorporating the e-business through a process of restructuring the entire business model. In this respect, before re-modelling the strategic business structure, number of tasks like environmental condition of the present business setup, including internal and external assessment, analysis of competitive market, financial planning etc has to be done. In order to meet these objectives, this paper will present necessary discussion through analysis. On the other hand, based on the analysis and discussion, a plausible set of recommendation will be offered in order to frame an e-business oriented strategy. A. Developing an online business expansion proposal Brief outline of the company and product Light Feet Shoe (LFS) Pvt. Ltd is primarily an India-based shoe manufacturing and retailing company. LFS has been in the shoe manufacturing and retailing industry of India for the past one and half decades. Since its inception, the company has experienced a massive growth in its domestic market and has also established a number of manufacturing plants and retailers storeall over India. One of the primary reasons for its massive success is that it has been offering better quality shoes at reasonable prices compared to its other key competitors. On the other hand, it has also targeted the customers belonging to the middle income group and has been able to develop brand preferences in their mind.

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Essay Example for Free

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Essay Moral entrepreneurs refer to people who create or define what is wrong. They claim that a certain social phenomenon is a problem that deserves or calls for an immediate response or action. They persuade the society to make or set strategies or policies based on a specific viewpoint. After identifying a social problem, they work on policies that are consistent with the problem definition. A good example of moral entrepreneurs is Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) and the anti-tobacco lobby. MADD has gained public support in fighting against drink driving which was responsible for many crimes. They have increased the public awareness of drinking to make people more aware about the adverse effects of driving under the influence of alcohol. They changed their initial name of Mothers Against Drunk Drivers to Mothers Against Drunk Driving so that it would gain more meaning as it was against the law. MADD is not opposed to the individuals but to the act of drinking. It has provided grass root leadership so as to create major social change in the people attitudes and behaviour towards drunk driving. It carries out effective research in an effort of providing relevant and accurate information to the public in matters related to drunk driving. Governments, corporations, educators, the media and the public at large encourage MADD’S efforts. It is comprises of men and young women of all walks of life who are willing to join hands in fighting drunk driving as well as underage drinking. It is committed to offering assistance to victims and survivors of drunk driving through emotional, legal, medical and financial ramifications. MADD has large number of trained victims advocates across the country that provide the appropriate information needed. They inform of the criminal justice procedures and assist victims through out the period. Communication is a very important aspect in ensuring that MADD’S activities are successful. It uses the media, the Internet, public or outreach and collaborations with the entertainment industry to ensure that its issues are well addressed. It’s committed to eliminating the problem from grass root level as well as advocating for high-visibility law enforcement strategies. They advocate for severe penalties to those found guilty for instance through license revocation. To influence the public opinion to accept the definition of a problem as important and that which requires to be addressed amicably will require moral entrepreneurs to engage vigorously in public activities. After identifying the ‘evil’ in society they must influence the public with the intension of pulling them to their school of thought. They influence the larger population, legislation, organise public demonstration as well as create issues for the mass media. Tobacco smoking is a serious drug issue that needs to be addressed. Smoking is linked to dangerous health effects not only to the user but also to those surrounding them through the second hand smoke. Tobacco ingredients comprised of over 4000 chemicals all of which can cause harmful effects to the body. They include tar, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide, metals and other radioactive compounds. It can cause cancer and other lung diseases. It causes irritation to the trachea and the voice box and can increase symptoms like coughing and wheezing as well as permanent damage to the air sacs of the lungs. Smoking in public should be prohibited second hand smoke can also cause cancer in human beings leading to deaths of many people. In establishing an effective strategy to gain public support it would be important to first carry out appropriate research on the effects of smoking to human beings. Disseminating this information to the public would enable them have a better understanding of the actual effects of smoking. Incorporating scholars, scientists and relevant professionals not only in the research but also in the information dissemination works to increase the credibility of the efforts against smoking. Lobbying the government to enhance laws against smoking in public places like restaurants, and bars would also be an appropriate step in the fight against adverse effects of smoking. Smoking should also be prohibited in the work place so as to protect innocent workers from the effects of second hand smoke. Installing ‘no-smoking zone’ posters in offices and in other public places would be a way of communicating to people that smoking is not tolerated. Anti-smoking campaigns can be vigorously established where mass education on the dangers of smoking would be applied. Liasing with entertainment programs would also be appropriate in disseminating information regarding smoking. Effective communication must be incorporated in all the campaign strategies. Teamwork is very crucial if any strategy is to be successful. It is therefore very important to ensure that there is collaboration with governmental as well as non-governmental programs. Incorporating people of all races, age, gender and ethnicity would bear positive responses in the fight against smoking. Essay 2 ‘Frequent fliers’ are addicts who are constantly checking in hospitals for detoxification. Their rate or frequency for such visitation could be as high as 100 nights in a year. The detoxification process is at a cost to the government especially when catered for in Medicaid and frequent visitation by same patients aggravates the problem further. (www. jointogether. org). Some patients blame their drug addiction to their social situations. A person would be a heavy user of alcohol, cocaine and heroin but after a detoxification program he or she would go back to drugs when he squandered his money on women and drugs and be rendered homeless. This would trigger their motive of going for a detoxification. They would seek the detoxification due to their homelessness and financial constraints instead of their own personal will to quit drugs. Their main aim would be to acquire a shelter rather than a solution to their drug problem. The fact that the detoxification is free and it offers quality care could be a reason facilitating the ‘frequent fliers’ in hospitals for detoxification. Medicaid programs to fund the drug and alcohol treatment cost much for the government. The cost is aggravated, as there are categories of patient and varying cost for the treatment. Patients going for detoxification may do it at different hospitals across a state and if the patient is being among the most expensive patients the cost will be very high According to hospital executives, the expensive form of detoxification is a significant moneymaker as it brings about more than 40% profits to the hospitals in question. The hospitals may be too unwilling to drop the prices, as their profits would be jeopardized. In fact many hospitals offer the care but opt for the expensive ones rather than the cheaper one. Approximately 80% of the detox patients get treated at the most expensive level as it is the only one available. New York State tends to spend more than other states on alcohol and drug related issues. There is evident wastage of government resources because over 80% of the patients in medically managed detoxification are not serious cases and could have been attended to using cheaper detoxification means. The argument presented is that if the a state paid less for the top level care it would be able to pay for others and the development of such services would be enhanced. An effort to change the detox payment system would spell doom for the hospital industry, as it is one of the hospital’s sources of profit. (www. jointogether. org). Drug treatment would be a very effective way of solving the ‘frequent fliers’ problem. It would also be less expensive and yield better results for the user as well as the government which would now reduce its expenditure costs would be minimal if patients consistently visited the same hospitals and same doctors than if they visited varying doctors. The theory that best explains the phenomenon of ‘frequent fliers’ is the first one, which explains how desperation among the drug addicts sees them back to hospitals for detox. To them, the hospitals act as a home or place that provides shelter for them and this is their main reason for visiting the hospitals. (www. jointogether. org). To my opinion better strategies should be put in place to ensure that addicts visiting hospitals for detox do so out of their own will and not due to compulsion. They ought to have realized that they have problems that need to be addressed and not as a means of seeking greener pastures when life becomes hard. Counselling is also an appropriate measure in ensuring that after the detox addicts reduced their addiction or became better people in society rather than continuing with their drugs abuse problems. Programs established to assist the drug addicts in solving the ‘frequent fliers’ problem would include those geared to increase their skills. Such programs should be geared to restoring their effectiveness or their normal lives through training. This way they would be fit better in the society and lead better lives free from drug addiction. With the training they can regain their self-respect, ethics, and morals and better handle their addiction problem. Effective training can enable them get stable employment which can provide them with the finances to cater for their basic needs for instance shelter, food and clothing and they would not require to go back to the hospitals for the provision of basic needs. With self-respect, they would not indulge in activities that do not add value to their life. Employment is about engagement of mind and time and the chances for idleness are minimized. This works to ensure that they are not attracted back to their drug addiction. More counselling professionals should be incorporated in the hospitals so that those going for detoxification for the first time do not find a reason to go back. More funding should therefore be drawn to this respect. Funding for their accommodation or shelters before they stabilize and suit well in the society is also an appropriate measure. Family members of the addicts should also be trained on how to best handle these people so that they do not go back to their drug addiction. Since drugs would best work for them, they should consequently be funded so that more money is not wasted in trying to fund the detoxification programs that are not efficient or effective to the addicts. They are patient who need help and ought not to be exploited to gain hospital profits.

The Body Essay -- Sexuality

The social and cultural conditions in which we live in today continue to perpetuate and maintain the rape culture that pervades our lives, especially for the lives of individual women. As a feminist thinker, Ann Cahill works to change this by challenging current definitions of rape as assault, and addressing questions of why rape exists in the first place, and how we can begin the prevention process. In Cahill’s book, â€Å"Rethinking Rape†, she approaches the subject of rape by analyzing the works of contemporary feminist theorists like Judith Butler, who perceive the female body as a potential site of resistance against gender-based oppression and a â€Å"larger system of sexual domination† (Cahill 32). Although each is addressing very different issues in feminist theory, Cahill does draw upon some of Butler’s ideas about the imitation and performance of gender in Butler’s essay â€Å"Imitation and Gender Insubordination.† Cahill does t his in order to further articulate her critique of â€Å"the body† and the role it plays in the phenomenon of rape â€Å"as an embodied experience of women† at the level of the individual (Cahill 109). There are certain concepts besides the performance of gender that both Authors touch on including â€Å"the body†, heterosexual norms as inhibitions to attaining liberation, the relationship between sexuality and gender, and the problematic nature of social constructs. By comparing and contrasting the works of Cahill and Butler, this paper will explore the importance and complexities of â€Å"the body†, the pivotal role it plays in Cahill’s critique of the phenomenon of rape, and how Butler’s critique of â€Å"coming out of the closet† values the notion of gender â€Å"performativity† more than the notion ofâ€Å"the body† itself. Before de... ... feminine body so we internalize that ideal and subject ourselves to the â€Å"intrusive, expensive, and high maintenance practices in order to be rendered beautiful† (Cahill 155). There are a number of factors that play into the perpetuation of rape culture, the hierarchy of gender, and gender performativity. The one thing they all have in common that is essential to understanding how men have been able to oppress us for so long and continue to oppress us. â€Å"The body† is the one thing that can maintain our inferiority and powerlessness, but it can also be the one thing that can free us from the same system of oppression. Works Cited Butler, Judith. "Imitation and Gender Insubordination." The Second Wave: A Reader in Feminist Theory. Ed. Linda Nicholson. New York: Routledge, 1997. 300-15. Print. Cahill, Ann J. Rethinking Rape. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2001. Print.

Ingvar Kamprad Leadership Essay

Business Leader Profile Ingvar Kamprad Founder of Ikea Retail Stores Why Ingvar Kamprad? Does the name Ingvar Kamprad mean anything to you? To most people it doesn’t and it's a testament to the fact that he built up a brand that is so powerful people recognize it immediately, while not tying it into, or even knowing, the genius behind it. The brand? IKEA! The reason why we chose this business leader is simple, Ingvar Kamprad is a businessman and the founder of IKEA with an estimated worth of $22. 5 billion dollars.Kamprad was born in the south of Sweden in 1926 and raised on a farm called Elmtaryd, near the small village of Agunnaryd. He is a great leader and one amazing thing about him is that he went into business early in life, selling matches as a schoolboy and also, very wisely for his age (or any age for that matter) Kamprad took his profits and used them to expand his operations, adding to his small line of goods with decorations of Christmas trees, fish, and seeds. He was learning the operational side of retailing, and he was learning it quickly and profitably.When Kamprad did well in school, his dad rewarded his with some money, and that was the seed to launch a company he named IKEA. He got the name from his initials I. K. , and then added the EA from the name of the farm and the town he was raised in – Elmtaryd and Agunnaryd. Don't think the idea of a furniture company was brewing in the mind of Kamprad with his new company, he still focused on smaller items, and for the most part look to the business of securing contracts of supplying pencils. Like in his younger years, Kamprad soon began to expand into all sorts of other areas, including everything from jewelry to male and female ccessories. He soon outgrew individual visits to customers and went into the mail order business on the local level, having the milk trucks deliver his products to his customers. When Kamprad first included furniture as part of the product line of IKEA, his i dea was to use local manufacturers to keep costs low and under control. That was in 1947. By 1951, furniture sales were so successful, he decided to drop all other products and focus on the furniture line alone. The first furniture showroom opened in 1953, and the rest is history.Almost immediately a price war started between IKEA and its chief competitor, and the inclusion of the showroom helped sway potential customers who were able to see and touch the quality before making their purchases. Like many great retailers, Kamprad was obsessed with controlling costs, and dedicated to finding new ways to do things at a less expensive level. That has been one of the major reasons behind the ongoing success of IKEA furniture sales and profits. Some people attempt to point out the fact that Kamprad has several properties he owns and so the frugal image is contrived.I have to disagree with that, because the reason he can afford some of these things is because he remained frugal within the c onstruct of his company, and so because he was able to put of instantaneous gratification, could then do whatever he wanted once he became wealthy. While there is some truth to the image part, it was also very much practiced by Kamprad. Many people think being frugal is being cheap in a negative way, and yet those best at it are the ones that serve their customers and employees at the highest level by giving customers the best deals possible, while at the same time offering longevity to employees.The best definition that reflects the idea of leadership for Kamprad is â€Å"Leadership is a kind of activity meant to influence behavior, beliefs and feelings of the group members in a certain direction. † (Wright, Peter L. and Taylor, David S. Improving Leadership Performance. Great Britain: Prentice-Hall International Ltd; 1984. p. 2). As Peter F. Drucker said â€Å"The leaders who work most effectively, it seems to me, never say â€Å"I. † And that’s not because t hey have trained themselves not to say â€Å"I. † They don’t think â€Å"I. They think â€Å"we†; they think â€Å"team. † This idea is mostly based on a simple word, and that word is â€Å"team†. Every leader who has this trait is surely to have great success simply because they don’t work and take decisions just on their own, they seek and welcome the help of employees, one of those leaders being Kampard of course. If we go back to Niccolo Machiavelli, we can see that he once said that â€Å"The first method for estimating the intelligence of a ruler is to look at the men he has around him. and it a really smart and correct thesis, because in order for a leader to successfully empower his organization he needs employees, but not just any employee, they have to be creative, loyal and intelligent in order to really be useful to their organisation. So while cost control is a major part of the IKEA success story, the empowerment of its custo mers is as well, which is brought about from a highly committed and talented design team. Leader’s position in organizational structure „In an hierarchical system, participants take for granted what the participants with the higher position defines† (Becker, 1998).In other words, social actors in the labor market believe what the professionals (leaders, professors, mass-media) define as leadership, considering that the privilege formal position brings privilege information and ethics. This is not a valid statement if we look into the organizational structure at IKEA. Anecdotes about Kamprad abound. When his father complained that Ingvar slept late in the morning, Ingvar got himself an alarm clock, set it for six o’clock, and yanked away the off button. According to Kamprad, we should all divide our lives â€Å"into 10-minute units, and sacrifice as few of them as possible in meaningless activity. Though past 80, Kamprad still travels the world to visit new IKEA stores. He flies economy class, calls his employees â€Å"co-workers,† encourages everyone to dress informally, stays in cheap hotels and even replaces bottles from the hotel room mini-bar with cheap bottles bought in local supermarkets. He gives no interviews. As far as setting an example through his actions, Kamprad flies only economy class, drives a 15-year-old vehicle, and focuses on little things for his workers like writing on both sides of the paper, and other frugal practices. That has helped IKEA remain on the top of a highly competitive market.Critics of these stories say they seem intended to reinforce the company’s no-nonsense brand and encourage cost-awareness among company staff. They point out that Kamprad may be the world’s richest man, that owns several lavish houses around the world, and that it would be ludicrous to assume a man of such wealth would not use any of it for private purposes. If you've ever read IKEA literature, catalogs or advertising, they reinforce their and Ingvar Kamprad's motto of not only existing to make improvements in the lives of people, but to improve people themselves.With that in mind, the way the stores themselves are set up and the design of the furniture built with the idea of being very simple to assemble, it generates the healthy idea of self-sufficiency, which helps empower people and make them feel good about themselves. Leader or non-leader; manager or leader If we would be to make a list with leader and non-leader and manager traits we would easily see that Ingvar Kampard is a leader, not only that, he is a good example for hundreds of people out there who thrive to become leaders themselves. If we look closely at Kampard we can see that he is a proactive an, he believes in people following examples, he motivates and inspires top results and has great strategic orientation. If a leader is not like this, then as Abraham Maslow said †If the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail. †. Based on interviews with employees at IKEA, Ingvar Kamprad is a good example of leadership because he strongly expresses the organisational value of IKEA through his behaviours. Thereby, all the IKEA employees (from top management to co-workers) follow this organisational value as a framework.In addition, the leadership style of management position also was influenced through strong organisational value. Employees have used descriptives such as „role model† and „father† when speaking about Ingvar Kamprad thereby denoting the familial nature of IKEA corporate culture. If we apply the model of leader vs. Manager described by Abraham Zaleznik – Ingvar Kamprad is the epitome of business leader. All of this is based on his empathic relationship with his co-workers and employees. By setting examples and inspiring, he also sets the company’s overall direction by altering the direction of its employees.One of his subordinates characterises his leadership style as a „teacher†. Senge (1990) and Max de Pree(1990)’s theory states that a leader should be a teacher in the organization „ †¦ much of the leverage leaders can actually exert lies in helping people achieve more accurate , more insightful and more empowering views of reality, when the leaders carrying out stewardship (Senge, 1990: 353)†, according to Senge (1990). The roles that leaders should play is exactly how Kamprad has been doing for so long. Creativity As Teresa M. Amabile once said „Keep doing what you are doing†.Or if you want to spark innovation, rethink how you motivate, reward, and assign work to people. † What is business creativity? We tend to associate creativity with the arts and to think of it as the expression of higly original ideas. Think of Pablo Picasso reinvented the conventions of painting or how William Faulkner redefined fiction. In business, originali ty isn’t enough. To be creative, an idea must also be appropriate, useful and actionable. Within every individual, creativity is a function of three components : expertise, creative-thinking skills and motivation.Expertise is, in a word knowledge – technical, procedual and intellectual. Creative-thinking skills determine how flexibly and imaginatively people approach problems. Do their solutions apend the status quo? Do they persevere through dry spells? Not all motivation is created equal. An inner passion to solve the problem at hand leads to solutions far more creative than do external rewards, such as money. This compenent – called intrinsic motivation is the one that can be most immediately influenced by the work environment.Senior manager at IKEA strongly believes that IKEA is a creative organisation based upon home-furnishing company; IKEA has to be creative within value â€Å"efficiency and cost conscious†. This reason makes IKEA differ from other companies because it is not easy to produce a good product at low price. Furthermore, IKEA has a strong organisational value that every employee should concern as follows: †¢ Togetherness †¢ Cost consciousness †¢ Respect †¢ Simplicity IKEA follows a model of „family business† because at its inception, Ingvar Kamprad was developing it as a family business which eventually grew to outstanding proportions.Due to this, most of his own ideeas like the simplicity and togetherness have actually become some of the company’s most important organizational aspects. IKEA is an extremely creative organisation because IKEA allows employees to work in freedom and are open for trying new ideas. To demonstrate clearly, when employees have concepts, it is important to express their concepts to the manager in order to consider whether it is possible to develop and make this concept concrete. The respondent emphasises that â€Å"It does not take a long time, if you have a really good idea.This creative idea will be developed and spread out to use at every store of IKEA in the world Moreover, the organisation also encourages employees to continually learn from their own experience and also other’s experiences such as co-workers. As a result, employees are able to complete their own tasks as well as generate new ideas that make IKEA different from other companies. Leadership styles Leadership style is the manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans, and motivating people. Kurt Lewin (1939) led a group of researchers to identify different styles of leadership.After a complete analisys of all three styles(autocratic, democratic and delegative) we have reached the conclusion that Ingvar Kampard is most of the times a Participative(democratic) leader. This style involves the leader including one or more employees in the decision making process (determining what to do and how to do it). However, the leader maintains the final decision making authority. Using this style is not a sign of weakness, rather it is a sign of strength that your employees will respect. But of course, he is not always using this style, since every problem requires a different style.Besides the fact that Kamprad is one of the wealthiest living people, he is also an impressive leader. The leadership style he embodies is one of personal example. Though he has billions of dollars, Ingvar is reluctant to a life in luxury. People confess seeing him haggling in the market and dining together with his wife in cheap, dirty places. His image makes up for billion words. Black worn out shoes, cheap glasses and a grey faded coat dress up the billionaire in most of his rendezvous. Taxis are substituted with public transportation like busses and subways and, luxurious jets with low-cost airlines.By his daily routine and his habits of living in an artificial poverty, Ingvar Kamprad embodies the average IKEA customer. â€Å"I look at the mo ney I'm about to spend on myself and ask if IKEA customers could afford it. † â€Å"If I start to acquire luxurious things then this will only incite others to follow suit†¦ †. Ingvar considers himself to be an example for all others and tries to appear as a normal individual. In â€Å"A Furniture Dealer’s Testament,† Kamprad suggests that â€Å"IKEA people do not drive flashy cars or stay at luxury hotels. †, â€Å"How the hell can I ask people who work for me to travel cheaply if I am traveling in luxury? he asks. â€Å"It’s a question of good leadership. † From a young age, Ingvar learned what working hard meant and what a strong bound truly is. He is a preacher of the religion of simplicity and during over half a century, along the constant growth of his company, numerous others joined in. According to Plato, the mob is a â€Å"big and dangerous animal† which must not be underestimated. What kind of strategy could work with masses rather than a leader of their status? Governments have fallen and people died along time only to protect the need of having a representative leader which could alike them.Ingvar Kamprad succeeded in building up a truly simple and productive leadership style only by regarding himself as equal as and never more important than the commoner. Nicolo Machiavelli stated: â€Å"Religion is not important because of the truth it holds but because of its efficiency in maintaining control over masses†. In our case we have little to do with angry mobs but with the angry way in which money are wasted by a company or individual in matter of costs. Kamprad understood this fact and built a distinctive corporate culture which comprehended his true nature.In contrast, the famous RJR enjoyed the expense of private planes and luxury and unlike our billionaire, success was only passing by. Warren Buffet’s mentality resembles the one IKEA’s Founder and together with the m indset, the income is comparable. Coming again to Plato, the philosopher once said „Those who rule must provetheir leadership abilities. A person can be trained to be a good ruler, but we have to distinguish between superficial competencies (oratory) and profound competencies (developed with the help of philosophy). The ruler has to guard not only the peaceon the ship but also to know which wayto sail and ow. † Ingvar’s thinking is flexible and innovative. Mistakes are praised and considered as the most important link to success. He is without regard a transformational leader. His style motivates people and defines a new way of thinking. Ingvar also connects with his followers and is a source of inspiration for younger generations. Bernard M. Bass, after decades of research and experimentation, regards transformational leaders as the leaders who recognize the needs of the followers and in addition tends to go further and satisfy higher needs of the follower.All of these actions are aimed to propel the follower on a higher tier in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Whereas common leadership or transactional leadership seeks only to maintain the satisfaction of the individual, transformational leadership looks into enchanting the well-being of the followers in order to achieve a higher outcome alongside with their happiness and devotion. This gap between the leadership styles is what I believe to be the main reason for the existence of excellent, world-changing people, in contrast with the unsuccessful ones.Their view of the world is their most precious asset and how they regard to others is the main secret of conquering unreached heights. Due to the fact that Ingvar Kamprad has a unique way to behave with the employees of IKEA and tries to enrich them with traits so important for the success of both the corporation and the employee’s leadership skills, I believe that Kamprad is a brilliant representative of Bass’s beliefs. Kamp rad could also be considered to be a Level 5 leader according to Jim Collins’s â€Å"Good to Great†. Ingvar greets the uncommon and is on a constant quest for taking apart obstacles which lie between failure and success.His constant struggle for reaching excellence in everything he does could be clearly seen in the process which I would like to call â€Å"building the empire of self†. His focus on the main purpose, the one of bringing innovative furniture in each and every household and changing the lives of many by simplifying their existence, assured his success and the status of one of the greatest business managers and leaders to have ever existed. A Napoleon of the furniture industry, Kamprad was. Close to followers, talented and emotionally involved were some principles he used during his reign.Thus many would say he received divine help, he started as a common man. Only his devotion and hard work made the difference. Garry Gemmill and Judith Oakley refer to a leader as a Messiah or a savior and hardly agree with the concept of a leader as a creator. Moreover, they state that â€Å"Leadership is nothing else but a myth propagated in order to keep everybody else quiet and nice. † . They might be right but in my consideration, this words do not apply to the hero we analyze in this project. Ingvar strongly encourages creative discussions within the company and his actual position is one of a leant and a symbol of excellence.David Goleman on the other hand expresses, in his work â€Å"What makes a Leader? † some traits which could help us identify other traits of the IKEA Giant. Goleman places a great emphasis on emotional intelligence and connects the status of a leader according to it. The main skills David puts behind a glorious leader are Self-awareness, Self-regulation, Motivation and the abilities to relate to others – Empathy, and Social Skill. Ingvar seems gifted with emotional intelligence when managing peop le and events. Happiness is in his opinion the greatest asset an IKEA worker should possess.An excellent business man and an excellent time manager he proved to be during many occasions and time only knows when the world could inherit another great leader such as Ingvar Kamprad, the Swedish Scotsman. Conflict management style â€Å"The Ikean culture, which was directly linked to Scandinavian culture, valued simplicity and informality, frugality, humbleness, responsibility, and the constant will to renew. † The company initially sold furniture provided by numerous suppliers. As time passed, competition started to corrupt the suppliers and as a result, Ingvar decided never to trust others than himself.It was a turning point in the history of IKEA which now started to produce its own furniture. A moment of conflict and lack of trust turned into a brilliant idea and started to place the organization on the path to success. Another turning point in Ikean history was by the time an employee decided to disassemble the furniture in order to transport it by car. Kamprad saw this particularly insignificant moment of conflict as a possibly gorgeous opportunity for the future. From that point onward, the furniture company started to differentiate and build up not just furniture but a light, innovative, easy to use and cheap type of furniture.The most significant property Ingvar’s furniture has is its ability to be assembled by the customer and offer him the joy of putting the puzzle pieces together. Price was amazing. IKEA furniture was 50% cheaper than the competition and besides this important factor; it was more than friendly and practical. Ingvar once was accused of being a Nazi supporter due to the fact that he attended to their meetings on numerous occasions. The conflict took a serious impact on Ingvar’s personality and started to shift its public perception in a truly negative way.However, the conflict was in some manner consumed when Kamprad composed letters of apology to all his employees and people whom he disappointed. He recognized that he made a mistake and that it was a dark chapter in his existence which shouldn’t have happened. Questioning the status quo is Ingvar’s best way in dealing with everyday problems and through his successful career they were many. To begin with, the more IKEA grew, the more Ingvar’s problems developed. Alcohol, Nazi support and deaths at the opening of a store were only the biggest of them.Despite the severity of the problem, the modesty, humanity and determination always brought Ingvar on the right track. For the IKEA founder, conflict never ceased to be functional. It helped both him and the employees remain focused and constructive. It generated growth, activated learning, maintained excellent interpersonal skills and gave a different perspective over issues. The main conflict management style of his was collaborating. In almost every occasion he and the employe es formed a team and everyone is expected to contribute with anything they can.Departments are structured on the philosophy of sharing ideas and support. Also, there is a win-win situation between IKEA and its customers. On the one side, IKEA has tremendous profit margins (about 16% – almost two times higher than other furniture retailers) and sells for tens of billions annually and on the other side, the customer benefits from exceptional quality and practicability for the given money. Ingvar’s mentality (comprehended by the Business Harvard Review: How Management Teams Can Have a Good Fight) is one of creating common goals. The company and he was an impeccably motivated and determined group of people.Creative and interpersonal relations are also highly praised within a company and IKEA makes no exception. In his work, Kenneth W. Thomas, refers more and more to the importance of conflict in an organization. Throughout a sustained study of the great players in the corp orate world, the mesmerizing power of a poorly managed conflict is revealed. Too many companies suffer great reductions in income and performance due to this mostly overlooked default. Using a bi-dimensional representation, Thomas expressed the whole conflict issue using 5 elements – Avoiding, Accommodating, Compromising, Competitive and Collaborative.The IKEA model works entirely based on the Collaborative model due to the fact that it is mostly a win-win situation in which both the company and the employee reach a high level of fulfillment. Conflict can also be managed using a system of rewards resembling the one parents use for their children. It might be unexpected but I believe this is an awesome way to educate outsiders and to make them behave according to a reward. Despite the fact that it might be a bit manipulative, the rewards system is a good way to achieve a prosperous work environment.However, if good is not enough for a company, this system could be substituted by one composed of amazing people, highly talented and qualified personnel which requires little training and can propel the company to new heights. The ideal way in which I believe conflict could be turned into a powerful creative force is through the use of Virtuoso Teams. Despite the fact these kinds of teams require a constant action and an important continuous goal. Jeff Weiss and Jonathan Hughes express in their â€Å"Accept-And Actively Manage Conflict† the necessity of conflict in a prosperous working environment.After and during the Industrial Revolution, people and mostly employees were kept under and oppressive working regime which limited their creativity and power to change their condition. Riots were common and worker unions started to prosper. However, the work was dull and no sane man could cope with it more than a few years. Now, a century later, conflict is comprehended as a powerful tool. Just thinking about the Olympiads or a race between two close friends is more than enough in order to have an insight into the invisible motivation a challenge releases.The same principle applies in the development of Ikean furniture. People have a â€Å"Vojna Idej† (War of the Ideas) and as a result breakthroughs occur. However, due to the fact this war of ideas is hardly sustainable in time, there must be a boundary composed of the corporate vision and goal. I believe that none of the amazing commercials and ways of presenting the company could have emerged without a nearly balanced conflict management system. Weather we think of the cleverly designed buss stations or the exquisite TV commercials, IKEA is a sign of greatness. EthicsBusiness ethics (also corporate ethics) is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations. Busin ess ethics reflects the philosophy of business, one of whose aims is to determine the fundamental purposes of a company. If a company's purpose is to maximize shareholder returns, then sacrificing profits to other concerns is a violation of its fiduciary responsibility.Kamprad began to develop a business as a young boy, selling matches to neighbors from his bicycle. He found that he could buy matches in bulk very cheaply from Stockholm, sell them individually at a low price, and still make a good profit. From matches, he expanded to selling fish, Christmas tree decorations, seeds, and later ballpoint pens and pencils. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him a cash reward for succeeding in his studies. IKEA was founded in 1943 at his uncle Ernst's kitchen table. In 1948, Kamprad diversified his portfolio, adding furniture.His business was mostly-mail order. The acronym IKEA is made up of the initials of his name (Ingvar Kamprad) plus those of Elmtaryd, the family farm where he was b orn, and the nearby village Agunnaryd. Kamprad has lived in Epalinges, Switzerland since 1976. According to an interview with TSR, the French language Swiss TV broadcaster, Kamprad drives a 15-year-old Volvo 240, flies only economy class, and encourages IKEA employees always to write on both sides of a paper. He reportedly recycles tea bags and is known to pocket the salt and pepper packets at restaurants. In addition, Kamprad has been known to visit IKEA for a â€Å"cheap meal. † He is also known to buy Christmas paper and presents in post-Christmas sales. The firm he created is still known for the attention it gives to cost control, operational details and continuous product development, allowing it to lower its prices by an of average 2-3% over the decade to 2010, while continuing its global expansion. Kamprad explains his social philosophy thusly in his â€Å"A Furniture Dealer's Testament,† â€Å"It is not only for cost reasons that we avoid the luxury hotels.We don't need flashy cars, impressive titles, uniforms or other status symbols. We rely on our strength and our will! † Despite this, Kamprad allows himself some luxuries; he owns a villa in an upmarket part of Switzerland, a large country estate in Sweden, and a vineyard in Provence, France; he also drove a Porsche for several years. Ingvar Kamprad had made two „big mistakes†. From 16 to 25, Kamprad was a friend and follower of Per Engdahl, the leader of the quasi-fascist, pro-Nazi Neo-Swedish movement. Engdahl attended Kamprad's first wedding in 1950.Kamprad only terminated his involvement in 1951. When the scandal broke in the early 1990s, Kamprad wrote to his employees: â€Å"You have been young yourself. And perhaps you find something in your youth you now, so long afterwards, think was ridiculous and stupid. In that case, you will understand me better. † He also apologized in a television interview and said he had not fully understood what the Neo-Swedish movement was about. And the second happened while working with furniture manufacturers in Poland earlier in his career, Kamprad became an alcoholic.He has, however, stated that his drinking is now under control. In 1947, Kamprad introduced furniture into the IKEA product line. The use of local manufacturers allowed him to keep his costs down. The furniture was a hit, and in 1951, Kamprad decided to discontinue all other product lines and focus on furniture. In 1953, the first IKEA showroom opened. It came about because of competitive pressures. IKEA was in a price war with its main competitor. The showroom allowed people to see it, touch it, feel it, and be sure of the quality before buying.Kamprad's vision has been the driving force behind IKEA's succcess. IKEA hires its own designers, who have received numerous awards over the years. Kamprad believes that the company exists not just to improve people's lives, but to improve the people themselves. The self-service store design and ease of assembly of their furniture are not merely cost controls, but an opportunity for self-sufficiency. This vision is reinforced in their advertising and catalog, as well. Kamprad has been extremely shrewd in creating IKEA's organizational structure.It is owned ultimately by a Dutch trust controlled by the Kamprad family, with various holding companies handling different aspects of IKEA's operations, such as franchising, manufacturing, and distribution. IKEA even has an investment banking arm. Kamprad has repeatedly resisted pressure to take the company public, feeling that it would slow their decision-making processes that have allowed their phenomenal growth. On a final note This leader and founder of IKEA is an Old – School Business man that made mistakes in his teens. His mistakes were that of an average teen that dreamed at glory and power or of that of an overworked man.He weakes up at 5am in the morning, every day and sometimes arrives at the IKEA store before the first truck. Ingvar Kamprad treats all his employees with respect and calls them co-workers, he recycles and he tries to persuade his employees not to buy expensive cars and big villas in countries that are reprezented as dots on the World map. Ingvar Kamprad built IKEA from scratch and he worked very hard so that the comapany became what it is today. Finally, he is a man that was interested in being a business man since he was a child.He is a much respected man and a wonderful example for future leaders and it was a pleasure for our team to work out together in order to realize this portfolio about Ingvar Kampard. I hope you enjoyed reading our essay as much as we enjoyed writing it. ( Questions Are there strong parallels between theory and organizational environment, reflecting your understanding of reality? -Based on our understandings the reason for that is most experiences in organizations have autonomous processes which are self-replicating and form themselves randomly by gro up decision.Theory is embedded only when it is actually considered firsthand Did you use various perspectives to analyze the leader? -We have extended our search into various perspectives about Ingvar Kampard, such as private life, workplace and even his â€Å"fun† time. How many problems or â€Å"bugs† did you identify in the theory or practice of leadership? -As far as we’ve gone into research, we were not able to find many bugs in the practice or the theory of our leader, only minor mistakes that are now â€Å"buried† underneath the ground. Do you have a critical approach to leadership? Our approach towards leadership is pretty much critical but not to a higher extent Did you use tables, logical schemes or graphics to illustrate your ideas? -At our meetings we needed to put up our ideas somewhere so we used logical schemes that we followed and established by ourselves and after that we transferred the info onto paper. Are your ideas backed-up by eviden ce? – The evidence is provided in the form of surveys and results conducted by people with authority to perform such research. Some evidence may be anecdotal, lacking any form of statistical analysis.However most of the data is falsifiable (both in theory and practice) hence observable in different ways, so that reality can speak for itself instead of giving evidence or proving points. Did you use relevant and important papers/authors? -We have used relevant and also important papers/authors/articles. Did you use both academic and professional sources? -Yes we did. One of our most important sources were the Harvard Business Reviews Reference: fondatorul-ikea/ ———————– [pic]