3 Questions About Hyphenation with Adverbs

3 Questions About Hyphenation with Adverbs 3 Questions About Hyphenation with Adverbs 3 Questions About Hyphenation with Adverbs By Mark Nichol Writers are often confused about whether a phrase beginning with an adverb should be hyphenated. The answers to the following three questions explain when hyphenation is required and when it is incorrect. 1. I read an article that included this sentence: â€Å"Smith did his best during a nationally-broadcast speech this month to scare voters away from Jones.† Is that hyphen correct? Adverbs ending in -ly are generally not hyphenated, because the suffix signals that the adverb modifies the word that follows it, not the noun that follows both words, so a hyphen is redundant. Many people, including your friend, confuse such adverbial phrases with adjectival phrases (or phrasal adjectives, as they’re more commonly called), which do usually take hyphens. 2. True or false: If an adverb is a part of the phrasal adjective, it does not need a hyphen to connect it. For example, â€Å"She was a highly motivated student.† Assuming that is true, how would you approach the phrasal adjective in this sentence: â€Å"We’re having nowhere else conversations in this confidential community.† Else is an adverb, but to modify conversations, does â€Å"nowhere else† need a hyphen? True and false: In discussions of adverbial phrases that modify a noun, the distinction described in the answer to the previous question and repeated here is sometimes ignored: Adverbs ending in -ly are never hyphenated in such phrases, because the suffix signals that the adverb modifies the next word, not the noun, so a hyphen is redundant. Adverbs with no such suffix, however, should be hyphenated, as in â€Å"nowhere-else conversations.† (However, I do not recommend that particular construction.) 3. A coworker who edited a report I wrote insists that the hyphen in the following sentence is required: â€Å"Condemnation of her offensive response was near-universal.† Is she right? Your colleague is under the near-universal misapprehension that when the adverb near precedes an adjective, the two words are always linked by a hyphen. However, this is true only when the words combine to modify a noun that follows, as in the phrase â€Å"near-universal condemnation.† (This is a case of hyphenation with an adverb that does not end with -ly, as discussed in the answer to the previous question.) This distinction is the same as for phrasal adjectives consisting of an adjective and a noun converted to an adjective, as in the difference between â€Å"the highest-grossing film† and â€Å"the film that is highest grossing.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your Story8 Proofreading Tips And TechniquesHow to Style Titles of Print and Online Publications

Free Essays on Events Leading Upto The Bombing Of Hiroshima

On the 2nd of August 1939, scientists wrote to President Roosevelt telling him of efforts in Germany to purify Uranium 235, which could be used to make an atomic bomb. Roosevelt then set up an ‘Uranium Committee’ to research into an atom bomb. Once the United States entered the war, this situation changed dramatically. Scientists working in Britain had discovered how to control an atomic explosion. This was a very important step to making the bomb, and the British gave their knowledge to the Americans. In December 1942, President Roosevelt began the Manhattan Project. The Manhattan Project was a group of top nuclear scientists who were to find out how to make an atomic bomb. This group of scientists was under the command of General Leslie Groves, and Robert Oppenheimer. The project took place in many places across the United States, but mainly in Los Alamos, New Mexico. Los Alamos was a small town consisting of a school and a few homes. This was bought up by the U.S. government, and made into a secret city that would eventually house 6,000 people. This was a very secretive time and the scientists didn’t enjoy their surroundings very much. Making the bomb proved to be harder than originally thought. The Germans and Japanese came close to making it, but did not have resources. President Roosevelt gave the project limitless amounts of money, and kept the project secret from Congress and the public. In the end he spent more than $US2,000,000,000 on the project. Many factories were built to make the uranium and plutonium needed for the bomb. At the high point of the project, more than 200,000 people were employed in the project. Many of these people had no idea what they were making because of the secrecy of the project. In 1944, General Groves told President Roosevelt with confidence that the first atom bombs would be ready in the summer of 1945. By the time the bombs were ready, the U.S knew that there was no longer a race to ... Free Essays on Events Leading Upto The Bombing Of Hiroshima Free Essays on Events Leading Upto The Bombing Of Hiroshima On the 2nd of August 1939, scientists wrote to President Roosevelt telling him of efforts in Germany to purify Uranium 235, which could be used to make an atomic bomb. Roosevelt then set up an ‘Uranium Committee’ to research into an atom bomb. Once the United States entered the war, this situation changed dramatically. Scientists working in Britain had discovered how to control an atomic explosion. This was a very important step to making the bomb, and the British gave their knowledge to the Americans. In December 1942, President Roosevelt began the Manhattan Project. The Manhattan Project was a group of top nuclear scientists who were to find out how to make an atomic bomb. This group of scientists was under the command of General Leslie Groves, and Robert Oppenheimer. The project took place in many places across the United States, but mainly in Los Alamos, New Mexico. Los Alamos was a small town consisting of a school and a few homes. This was bought up by the U.S. government, and made into a secret city that would eventually house 6,000 people. This was a very secretive time and the scientists didn’t enjoy their surroundings very much. Making the bomb proved to be harder than originally thought. The Germans and Japanese came close to making it, but did not have resources. President Roosevelt gave the project limitless amounts of money, and kept the project secret from Congress and the public. In the end he spent more than $US2,000,000,000 on the project. Many factories were built to make the uranium and plutonium needed for the bomb. At the high point of the project, more than 200,000 people were employed in the project. Many of these people had no idea what they were making because of the secrecy of the project. In 1944, General Groves told President Roosevelt with confidence that the first atom bombs would be ready in the summer of 1945. By the time the bombs were ready, the U.S knew that there was no longer a race to ...

Art Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Summary - Essay Example Rather, masculinity is not only displayed through the physical body, but also through the mind and how people conduct themselves nobly (Dyer, 148). The change of interest in body building from solely African Americans to whites made a big impact in the showbiz sector. The rise in many white males who were actively involved in the body building was appealing and led to several analyses of the ‘whiteness’ masculinity. Currently, body building has been portrayed as an art that white men ought to go through to have the ultimate figure. Body building involves several sacrifices, and it has been portrayed similarly to crucifixion (Dyer, 84). Lifting weights is a painful task that the participants endure substantial pain and suffering so as to attain the supreme body shape. Richard Dyer, in his book, discusses the white culture and its effect in history, films, literature and other areas. In this book, dyer writes of the importance of black culture in relation to that of the white one. Dyer brings out the difference in cultures from the black race and the white race and how the media portrays it. The symbolism of how the two cultures are dependent on each other is quite amazing. The example of how a black lighting is used to bring out the whiteness, for example of a blonde and how a white dress in a wedding brings out the glow in a black lady, shows the interracial relationships that can be achieved (Dyer, 104). In this chapter, a lot has been about the representation of the different races on camera, especially the problems that are encountered during filming of the black race, and the necessary steps taken to counter the problems. Several artists were given an assignment to define masculinity, and the results given were more confusing than defining. However, these artists had a common sentiment of masculinity in sports. The images shown by the artists refute the black and white depiction of masculinity and

Visitor Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Visitor Management - Assignment Example But if he happens to be inside a casino, he'd like to enjoy the latest hip music to be played along. Service quality plays a crucial role in popularizing the tourist spot and generating revenues. Some of the most important aspects of the overall service quality in visitor management are; Policies of the government: Tourist inflows to any tourist site depend on the policies and role of the federal government. For example the ancient monuments of Lord Buddha in Bamiyan (Afghanistan) bore a testimony of inept attitude of the local administration. These towering statues used to be a major tourist attraction and a revenue earner playing a crucial role in the economy of Afghanistan. Coordination with tour operators: Tour operators happen to be a smarter race in understanding the needs of the visitors and they appear to be more accessible. Tour operators can regularly include a tourist spot in the itinerary of the visitors depending upon the kind of facilities he is getting from the management of the tourist spot. To this end, the management may consider offering some discounts in the entrance fees etc. to the tour operator in lieu of consistency in visitor numbers. Operating proper guided tours: The first thing a visitor expects from the management... arly include a tourist spot in the itinerary of the visitors depending upon the kind of facilities he is getting from the management of the tourist spot. To this end, the management may consider offering some discounts in the entrance fees etc. to the tour operator in lieu of consistency in visitor numbers. Operating proper guided tours: The first thing a visitor expects from the management of a tourist spot is understandable signboards and guided tours. The visitors also require refreshments, snacks in the middle of the visit. Therefore restaurants, bars etc. should also be there. But these facilities must be developed as a support to the visits and must not in any way denigrate the ambiance of the site. For example the restaurant and bar must not become a place for partying of the hoodlums. Instead it should cater to the visitor as a place to take some rest and recoup his energy, who feels tired after visiting the site for long hours. Segmenting the visitors and identifying their needs and requirements: The visitor community could be students, archeologists, historians, nature lovers, researchers, Art lovers, young couples, party troupe etc. These different groups need some different types of marketing. Marketing strategy requires that customer's needs and interests be identified and then the visitors be divided into segments depending upon their interests and needs. For example the purpose of researchers in visiting a historical site is to historical facts, archeological features etc. while young students may take the visit as a day out and prefer to enjoy the picnic in their own way. Informative and educative sections for different segments: After having segmented the visitors, the management of site is supposed to devise marketing plan for different groups as per

Case study- Netflix 2012 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case study- Netflix 2012 - Essay Example Substitute products have a very strong influence over the organization because firms in other industries are producing substitutes to what Netflix is offering. These products are also comparatively priced to attract more customers. Bargaining power of suppliers is strong because there are very few content and studio providers available in the industry. Furthermore, the suppliers are significantly differentiated and the overall procedure of contracts is long-term and expensive. It is now easier for few firms to enter in to the market primarily because demand is constantly increasing and there are very low barriers for entrance, for instance, unrestricted regulatory policies, less capital requirements, low degrees of customer loyalty and brand preferences etc. (Peteraf). Based on the above analysis it can be summarized that movie rental industry is significantly attractive to make huge profits. This is firstly because customers are increasing rapidly and the new technological developments are encouraging them towards live streaming and DVDs. Although this is highly competitive market but if the organization applies right strategies then profits can be increased. The overall concept of movie rentals has drastically changed with the development of internet technology. Previously we used to get our movies from physical stores but today millions of people subscribe to websites such as Netflix in order to rent DVDs and watch movies. Netflix has also given significant customer facilities. In the near future customers are expected to switch completely to live streaming and online video libraries while paying a small amount as rent. The long term growth rate of Movie Rental Industry: In the last two decades customers using online movie rental services have significantly increased which has actually influenced the long term growth rate of the entire industry. It is evident that young people specifically from 14-34 years of age are now

Multi Store Model And Levels Of Processing Psychology Essay

Multi Store Model And Levels Of Processing Psychology Essay During this assignment the memory models that will be compared are Attkinson and Shiffrins (1970) multi- store model and Craik and Lockharts (1972) Levels of processing. We will not only be comparing the memory models but also evaluating and looking at the opposing studies. The case studies and theorists that are looked at develop very supportive and detailed views although not all studies will be necessarily correct or wrong. Through out this assignment the research and studies are based on studies from Milner (1970), Atkinson and Shiffrins Multi- store model (1970), Craik and Lockharts (1972), Craik and Tulvings (1975) and Morrison (1985). Although the studies and theories are based on research that was completed and evaluated over 40 years a go we can look and see how it has affected us through every day life. The case study, HM Milner (1970) supports the views that there is more than one store for memory. HM suffered brain damage due to surgery. After the surgery, HM was left with normal short term memory and only few memories from before the operation (which he had in order to stop seizures). HM was now unable to create new long term memories, which suggests that short term memory is separate too long term memory and is not one store. This shows that HM was unable to encode and transfer information, from short term memory to long term memory.This provides support for the multi- store model. Craik and Lockhart (1972) were not in full agreement for the multi- store model. Craik and Lockhart had a theory that the levels of processing were more complex and depended on how the information was given to how we would recall information back at later dates and times. They believed it wasnt just how many times it was repeated and rehearsed but how the information is being given as there are many levels of processing:  · Shallow/structural level visual/ how something looks  · Intermediate/ phonetic level- the sound or way something is said  · Deep/ semantic the meaning or the connection to the subject (AQA Psychology B; Nelson Thornes; page 172) The reconstructive model was to also prove our long term memory and short-term memory were not separate stores. This model also provides support for levels of processing theory (Bartlett 1932). Milners (1970) case study supports the Multi- store Model because they found that there are three overall stores (Sensory store, Long term memory and Short- term memory) which also needed the processes and stages of memory (encoding, storage and retrieval). The memory stores and processes of memory, together make Attkinson and Shiffrins (1970) multi- store model very useful and supportive. Craik and Tulvings (1975) study also supports the theory of levels of processing. They found that there are three different types of encoding (semantic, acoustic and visual) which showed us after the study took place, that semantic encoding which is a deeper thinking process, was a more useful and effective way of remembering information. As the experiment was conducted, there were three basic rules;  · Participants were shown 60 words  · One at a time  · They all had one word at each level (semantic, visual and acoustic) All of the words had to fit in to a sentence; be of upper or lower case or Asked if they rhymed. After the experiment a list was given to the participants with all 60 words, plus an additional 120. The participants were asked to recognise the original words. This experiment was to prove how rehearsal was more important that Attkinson and Shiffrins (1970) simplistic multi- store model actually was. (AQA Psychology B; Nelson Thornes; page 174). Although both of these studies oppose against each other, they both have three stages and show different ways to recall information for long term memory and short term memory in different detail. Morrison (1985) created a study, making up false football results to a handful of people, to see how participants with and without interest would remember and recall information correctly. The study found that people with interest recalled the most results correctly even though they were false. These results contradicted the multi- store model. Tyler (1979) also created a study that opposed against the levels of processing theory. The study showed us that the recall on harder words was higher than the recall on easier words (essential AS Psychology; Richard Geoff and Geoff Rolls; AS Module 1; page 9-12) Attkinson and Shiffrin (1971) Multi- store model suggests the capacity, duration and encoding are the key points to the short term memory and long term memory, where as the reconstructive model and levels of processing (Craik and Lockhart 1972) believe it is not just how deeply processed and relevant the word(s) are. The rehearsal is crucial for the transformation of information from short-term memory to long term memory, where as the reconstructive model shows us semantic (rhyming words/questions) and shallow processing (case questions/answers) arte how we store information based on short term memory and long term memory is one store, unlike levels of processing suggests. Our long term and short term and short term memory is used every day without realising it. It affects the quality and how we behave for every human and animal. Elizabeth Loftus 1974) constructed an experiment to see how reliable an eyewitness testimony actually was. A video was shown to a bunch of participants, of a car accident. After viewing the video half were asked what they saw, using the word smashed, Whilst the other half had the word hit in the sentence. They were also asked to write down the speed of the car in their opinion. More people with the word smashed in the sentence, said they saw broken glass. There was also an average speed of 41 miles per hour when smashed was used the other half estimated an average of 34 miles per hour when hearing the word hit. Ley (1978) also experimented how reliable remembrance was, by conducting a study on visiting the doctors. 10 per cent of doctors patients remembered what was said after he wrote a booklet for doctors on how to give advice. As the first result showed only patients with medical background remembered over half, where as patients without did not remember as much. (Discovering Psychology; Barbra Woods; page 120-121) All of these studies have affected the way in which questionnaires and eye witness testimonies are now conducted. There are many factors that can affect on how we remember information and our environmental situation can also affect our recall. This could also be proven to be a flashbulb memory. This is when an individual remembers an incident or memo9ry when it relates to something i.e. millennium, new year (December 1999- January 2000) you will remember certain things about that particular moment (where you were? What you wore? Who you were with?) There are many things that contradict levels of processing and the multi- store memory. There are a lot of reliable studies to prove memory models and theories but there are some things that can not actually prove how deep we process information or how much we can process over many years. Block and organisation helps us to process and retain information easier although effort is needed. Distinctiveness makes the information unique. Along with elaboration which allows us to expand information. (Essential AS Psychology; Richard Gross and Geoff Rolls; AS Module 1; Page 13) We cannot also prove why rehearsal is sometimes not needed, it is also described as a two-way flow of information i.e. Morris (1985) the multi- store model is also seen as to simplistic as it doesnt always transfer to long term memory from short term memory, even after rehearsal. In conclusion throughout this comparison of models we have compared analysed and researched different studies. All studies put forward strong and supportive evidence for each, even though most oppose against each other. The multi- store model and the levels of processing studies both have positive outcomes. They have both helped us to realise we cannot rely on eyewitness testimonies and have helped people on giving advise that is comprehensible and understandable. So to conclude, this assignment shows us how different studies can be correct but are not necessarily wrong. All of the studies need to be researched more today to be able to carry on in supporting all views as the memory models will continue to be compared. AQA Psychology B: Nelson Thornes; 1988 PSYCHOLOGY for AS LEVEL; Michael W. EYSENCK and CARA FLANAGAN 2000 ESSENTIAL AS Psychology; Richard Gross and Geoff Rolls Discovering psychology; BARBRA WOODS

Observations Of Life :: essays research papers

INTRODUCTION I am not a psychologist by far, I have no degree in the field of psychology nor do I wish to have, I am just an everyday person that observes and analyzes the things I see. As I am writing this I am at the ripe old age of 18. To some people this may imply that I do not have any credibility in writing these things because I do not have the wisdom of age. Well, to those people I say that they should hear me out on these perceptions and continue reading, because you can not judge someone else unless you have heard their side of the story. By writing this I hope to achieve one thing and one thing only: that someone, somewhere will remember my way of seeing things. In no way do I wish to offend anyone. This is just how I see the world we live in. I believe that age has no effect on how you perceive things. If anything you just become less credible as you get older. For instance, young children have the tendency to completely tell the truth, that is until they discover how to lie. In my observations I have noticed that parents believe the younger sibling more than the older sibling. This may be because the parents favor this child more than the older one or could it be that the younger child has more credibility because the older one has been known to tell lies from time to time. If you have seen or watched kids you know that this, in most cases, is true. One thing about life that I never understood is pay role. It makes no sense at all. It seems to me that the more work you do the less you get paid and the less work you do the more you get paid for it. For example, my father started out working as a garbage disposal man. By this I mean that he was the guy hanging off the back of the garbage truck. He would work long days and the physical demand was just exhausting. Could you imagine doing this work in the biting cold of winter or the humid heat of the summer all day long? The pay was not very good. Currently he still is in the same business but I would say a lot further up the ladder than he used to be.